English abstract Background: Arteriovenous fistula (AVF) has been known as the gold standard for hemodialysis. It provides good blood flow for dialysis lasts longer than other types of access and is less likely to get infected or cause blood clots than other types of access. The aim was to evaluate the effect of educational program on nurses’ performance regarding arteriovenous fistula among hemodialysis patients. Design: a quasi-experimental design was used. Setting: The study was conducted at the hemodialysis unit at Zagazig University Hospital. Subjects: A convenient sample of all available nurses (40 nurses) who are working in the previously mentioned setting. Tools of data collection: Two tools were used: Tool I Structured interviewing questionnaire and II: Observational checklists. Results: The study result revealed that most of the studied nurses had a satisfactory level of knowledge and most of them had competent levels of practice after the educational program implementation. There were highly significant improvements in the studied nurses' knowledge and practice post-educational program (P<0.001). There was a positive significant correlation (P=<0.005) between nurses' knowledge and practice post-educational program at (p< 0.001). Conclusion: The educational program had a positive effect on improving nurses' knowledge and practices level regarding arteriovenous fistula among hemodialysis patients. Recommendations: Provide continuous in-service training and regular educational programs regarding arteriovenous fistula care for the nurses in hemodialysis unit.