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مكان نشر البحث: Egyptian
تاريخ النشر: June, 2024 EJHC Vol.15 No. 2
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Abstract: |
Introduction:
Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) significantly affects healthcare use and life quality.
Patients need to manage CHF well to maintain a satisfactory quality of life. Self-efficacy
(SE) may significantly influence this aspect. CHF is a prevalent cardiovascular problem in
both industrialized and developing nations, characterized as a chronic, progressive, and
severe condition. This is a prominent behavior change theory that emphasizes the
significance of people's SE in their capabilities. SE is the paramount element in Bandura's
social cognitive theory, denoting people's belief in their capacity to execute a specific job.
Education and training are significantly correlated with an individual's preparedness for
the economic transition. This compels several educational stakeholders,including the
government, to take action in cultivating talented, knowledgeable, and competitive graduates.
Aim of the study: This study sought to estimate the impact of a competency-based
learning program on SE in patients with CHF.
The purpose was accomplished by the subsequent aims:
1. Evaluate patients' understanding and behaviors related to CHF.
2. Evaluate SE in patients with CHF.
3. Develop and execute a competency based learning program focused on SE for patients
with CHF.
4. Assess the impact of a competency based learning program on SE in patients with CHF.
Hypothesis
This study achieved the following hypothesis:
H1: The average knowledge scores of patients after the program application surpass those
recorded before to program application.
H2: The average practice scores of patients after implementing the program are superior to
their results prior to use.
H3: Beneficial impact of the implemented program on enhancing patients' SE.
Research Design: A quasi-experimental research design was utilized to conduct the study
with a pre-posttest was implemented.
Study setting: The present study was conducted The outpatient cardiology facilities of
Zagazig University Hospitals, located on the first floor, were the site of the investigation.
Two classrooms and a waiting area are among the facilities, which also include a stress ECG
clinic, a hypertension clinic, a heart rhythm disorder clinic, an ECG clinic, a cardiac disorder
clinic, and a cardiothoracic surgery clinic.
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Study Sample: A purposive sample of 70 patients admitted to outpatient cardiac clinics
across six months, diagnosed with any kind of congestive heart failure, who were aware and
capable of communication. Patients with severe illnesses, such as cancer and end-stage
chronic conditions, as well as those who experienced cardiac arrest, were excluded.
Tools for data collection:
Three Tools were used for data collection, pertinent to this study as follows:
I- The patient interviewing assessment questionnaire
II- An observational checklist.
III- Chronic Disease Self-Efficacy Scale
Tool I: Patient Interviewing Assessment Questionnaire. This tool was composed in
straightforward Arabic to prevent misinterpretation;
The questionnaire covered three parts as the following:
Part I: Socio-demographic questions: A total of 12 queries
Through the previous data, the researcher estimated the following:
A. Body Mass Index
B. Crowding Index= Count of co-residents
Part II: patients and Family Past Health History Assessment: This pertains to the
evaluation of previous patients and familial medical history. It comprised eight questions as
follows: Four closed-ended questions regarding past health history, including the occurrence
of congestive heart failure (CHF), its onset, diagnosis, and its correlation with other chronic
diseases, as well as four yes-or-no questions concerning smoking, exercise, family history of
cardiac disease, and the degree of familial relationship. Part III: Patient’s Knowledge
Assessment Regarding CHF: Focused on evaluating patients' understanding of CHF by
preand post-tests for the research participants.
Tool II: Observational Checklist: It was adjusted by the researcher from an original
work by Ahmed et al. (2016) so that it could compare patients' pre- and post-program
practices of the most crucial abilities.
Tool III: Chronic Disease SE Scale To gauge patients' self-assurance in carrying out
certain tasks, the Stanford chronic illness self-management research was created and
administered. The evaluation is divided into ten parts and contains 29 items.
Pilot study: A pilot study was conducted to evaluate the clarity, comprehensibility,
feasibility, applicability, and time efficiency of the tools. Seven patients (10%) from the
whole sample population were randomly selected from cardiac units to participate in the tool
testing. The patients were incorporated into the trial. No alterations were made to the tools.
Field work
The study was conducted over six months, commencing in December 2023 and concluding in
May 2024, during which the researchers was present 3 days a week from 9 AM to 1 PM.
Assessment phase: The researcher started to recruit participants after reviewing their
eligibility. Separate interviews were conducted using the data collection form with
individuals who gave their consent.
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Planning phase: The researcher developed a learning program to educate patients on CHF to
improve their knowledge, self-management skills, and evaluation results.
Implementation phase: The researcher conducted individual meetings with the patients and
implemented the foundational learning program across three ten-session intervals, with each
session lasting 30 to 45 minutes.
Evaluation phase: Every participant in the research had 2 evaluations utilizing identical
data-gathering tools. This was conducted at the time of recruiting (pre-test) and after 3
months of instructional learning as a post-test.
Results:
indicated that most of the investigated patients were male, with 84.2% aged between 53 and
63 years, and 62.8% presenting with comorbidities, mostly hypertension and diabetes
mellitus. Statistically substantial enhancements were observed in patients' knowledge,
practices, and SE following the intervention period.
Conclusion:
In light of the current study results, there was a considerable enhancement in patients'
knowledge, behaviors, and self-efficacy (SE) following the implementation of the applied
learning program compared to the preintervention period. It can be stated that applied based
learning positively influenced the increase of SE among patients with CHF by enhancing
their knowledge and behaviors. A statistically significant relationship existed between
patients' SE and their total scores in knowledge and practice. The current study revealed that
fostering personal drive and SE is beneficial. This underscores the significance of a
comprehensive patient understanding of their condition.
Recommendation:
The Based-on findings, the study recommended:
-Educational media, including booklets, handouts, movies, posters, and CDs, must be
accessible to all patients at all times.
-Self-efficacy in patients with CHF should be assessed and included in the treatment plan by
a competent nurse.
-Consistent monitoring of all individuals with CHF to assess their health status and identify
problems promptly.
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