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Evidence-Based Nursing Research
جامعه عين شمس
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Abstract: |
Introduction:
Pain, a persistent problem in critically ill patients, adversely affects outcomes. Despite recommendations, no evidence-based, non-pharmacological approach to treating pain in critically ill patients has been develop.,Pressure ulcers are a major health problem, and are believed to be the result of poor quality nursing care. Warning signs of a pressure ulcer include uncommon changes in skin color or texture and swelling. It is more common in people with limited mobility. The necessity of evidence-based initiatives in the prevention of pressure ulcers cannot be underestimated. Skin care, nutrition, posture change, risk assessment and education are included in the scope of core practices; These applications cover the basis of nursing care. Nurses are expected to apply the best evidence to a variety of topics, however, the majority of nurses lack the time, resources, and/or skills to access and evaluate the quality research and evidence required for evidence-based nursing practice.
Aim of the study
This study aimed to investigate the effects of multimodal integrative interventions on pain related outcomes among critically ill patients..
Study hypothesis:
1. Critically ill patients who exposed to multimodal integrative intervention program implementation may exhibit less pain levels than before implementation.
2. Critically ill patients who exposed to multimodal integrative intervention program implementation may exhibit improvement in sleep quality than before implementation.
3. Critically ill patients exposed to multimodal integrative intervention program implementation may exhibit stable physiological responses than before implementation.
Methods:
Study design: A quasi- experimental, (pre and post) study design was used.
Setting:
The study was conducted in intensive care unit at Benha University Hospital affiliated to Benha University at Qualyubia Governorate, Egypt.
Subjects:
A convenience sample of sixty adult critically ill patients in the above mentioned setting; the subjects were recruited according to the following inclusion and exclusion criteria,Inclusion Criteria: Patients were eligible for the study if they were more than 18 years old and had a score greater than 9 on the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) at the time of inclusion, Exclusion Criteria: Patients were excluded if they had an expected ICU length of stay less than 48 hours, had a current history of severe mental health problems or dementia, suffering from blindness, deafness, or a hearing impairment or conditions that did not permit the use and headphones and patients who had seizures or brain stem death or receiving neuromuscular blockers .
Results:
- The main results of the study showed that: regarding demographic characteristics of critically ill patients, it was observed that, 41.7% of studied patients aged from 40-<50 years old.
-Concerning gender, 60% of the studied patients were males, It demonstrated that the present history of associated comorbidities included diabetes mellitus and liver diseases and represented by33.3% of studied patients. As well, 75% of the studied patients had family history of chronic disease such as diabetes mellitus that represented by 46.7%of them.
- Regarding the incidence of persistent baseline pain as a primary outcome among studied patients, it had been decreased post periods of intervention as compared with pre intervention. Regarding duration of pain, all studied patients had pain most of the day pre intervention compared by 66.7% immediately post intervention & 58.3% Post 48 hour of intervention, respectively. Concerning pain rate, it was found that severity of pain had been decreased post periods of intervention as compared with pre intervention. There were highly statistically significant differences between pre and post periods of intervention regarding site and description of pain at p ≤0.001
-There were highly statistically significant differences at p ≤0.001 between pre and post periods of intervention regarding intensity of pain (as a secondary outcome) among studied patients according to Critical-Care Pain Observation Tool (CPOT).
- there were a statistical significant differences with p-value ≤0.05 regarding to all items of Groningen sleep quality immediately after and post 48 hours of intervention as compared by pre intervention .Except related to had a deep sleep last night & feel like a slept poorly last night with p value ≥ 0.05.
-There were highly statistically significant differences at p ≤0.001 between pre and post periods of intervention regarding hemodynamic measurements (as a secondary outcome) among studied patients.
-There was highly positive statistically significant correlation at p-value ≤ 0.001 between behavioral domains of critical-care pain observation tool for intensity of pain and other secondary outcomes including quality of sleep, blood pressure, heart rate and respiratory rate.
Conclusion:
Multimodal integrative interventions are effective in decreasing pain and improving pain related outcomes among critically ill patients.
Recommendation:
Further research is needed for identifying modifiable risk factors or interventions that can help prevent the development of chronic pain syndromes in ICU survivors.
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