Abstract Aim This study aimed to investigate the Integrating Sustainability Development Education Program in Nursing to Challenge Practice Among Nursing Interns in Health Care. Background The combination of sustainable development and climate change in health care delivery benefits from the apparent environmental changes. Subjects and Methods The quasi-experimental, cross-sectional, comparative study included 160 nursing interns who completed the intervention. Both genders were assigned to Saudi (N = 80) and Egyptian nursing interns (N = 80). Data was collected using a self-administered questionnaire, which included the Sustainability Consciousness Questionnaire and the Sustainability Attitudes in Nursing Survey. Results A statistically significant difference was found between student nurses' knowledge, attitude and behaviour during pre-intervention and post-intervention, as well as in student nurses' sustainability development dimension effectiveness after than before program implementation. Conclusion The program had a significant effect on all sustainability development domains and a large effect on total sustainability development during post-intervention. This study recommended that educational programs can upgrade sustainability development and challenge practice levels. Implications for Nursing Management Sustainable development is the future of management and is the next phase of management innovation. Sustainability, in the context of health care, is about progress in high-quality patient care delivery for all by promoting the three elements of sustainable development: environmental, social and financial. Nurses play a significant leadership role in addressing environmental sustainability and climate change.