The experimental work was conducted at Postharvest Laboratory of department of Floriculture Research, Horticulture Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza Egypt during the three successive seasons of 2001, 2002 and 2003. the aims of this work were to investigate the effect of some pulsing solutions and cold storage on longevity of tuberose cut flower. The important results of this work could be summarize as following:1- Effect of pulsing solutions:1.1- Using neem oil as pulsing solution for 24 hrs. at 1m/l for tuberose spikes then placing it in preservative solution 200 mg/l 8-HQS + 150 ml/l citric acid resulted in increase for longevity period similar to using STS 1-4 mM for 10 minutes then kinetin at 5 ppm for one night as pulsing solution. Increasing neem oil concentration to 2 or 3 ml/l was less effective in this regard.1.2- Using neem oil as pulsing solution for 24 hrs. resulted in significant increase in floret diameter. The best concentration was 3 ml/l where 2 or 1 ml/l were intermediate and the least value resulted from using 0.5ml/l. The intermediate concentrations of neem oil as 1 or 2 ml/l were similar in their effect to STS+Ki pulsing solution.1.3- Using neem oil at 0.5-3 ml/l as pulsing solution for 24 h resulted in high and early opening percentage for the florets comparing to STS + Ki as pulsing solution.1.4- The preservative solution uptake recorded high values when STS + Ki was used as pulsing solution comparing to neem oil.1.5- Using neem oil at 0.5 ml/l was effective in enhancing the increase percentage of fresh weight of flower stalk. This concentration was similar for using STS + Ki as pulsing solution. Less increase in the percentage of fresh weight was clear as neem oil concentration increased to 2 or 3 ml/l.1.6- STS + Ki or neem oil at 1 ml/L resulted in the highest soluble and total carbohydrates in the petals and were similar in this regard, whereas increasing neem oil to 3 ml/l was less effective.2- Effect of storage period and pre-storage pulsing with spermine:2.1- Storage period up to two weeks decreased significantly the longevity of tuberose. The reduction of longevity was diminished as the storage period decreased to 5 days.2.2- Pre-storage pulsing with spermine up to 5 ppm was not significantly effective in enhancing longevity of the stored spikes.2.3- Storage period for two weeks significantly decreased floret diameter. The magnitude of floret diameter decrease was less as storage period decreased to 5 or 10 days.2.4- The interaction between storage period and pre-storage pulsing with spermine was not significantly effective on floret diameter.8- Calcium content decreased with increasing wheat germ percent.9- Iron content increased with increasing wheat germ percent.10- Phosphorus content decreased with increasing wheat germ percent.11- Potassium decreased and sodium increased with increasing wheat germ percent.12- Vitamins A, D, E, C, B1, B2 and B6 increased with increasing wheat germ percent.11- Organoloptic properties showed that treatment 4: 85% wheat germ, 10% skim milk powder and 5% sugar obtained the highest organoloptic total scores.Designed questionnaire for mothers interview:The mothers were interviewed for their age, delivery times, economic, education levels and area of living. Also, the infants ages and weights were recorded. The obtained data was statistically analyzed using the statistical analysis system.The obtained data could be summarized as follows:1- The highest ratio of mothers age (20 – 25 >) was 22% in urban area.2- Mothers’ job classified as 28% (housewives), 9% (housewives + working in the filed), 2% (housewives + profession) and 11% (housewives + governmental work).3- Number of birth (three) was 15% in urban while three birth times was 17% in rural area.4- Time of weaning increased with increasing the infant age to reach the maximum ratio at the age up to 2 years or more.5- Most mothers preferred to use mix food.6- Most of the infant’s health was good after weaning.7- Infant weight after 6 months ranged from 6–7.5 kg.8- Infant weight after 9 monthly ranged from 7.75 – 9 kg.9- Infant weight after one year ranged from 8.5 – 10 kg.10- Infant weight after 18 months ranged from 9.5-12 kg.11- Infant weight after two years ranged from 11 kg up to 13 kg.V. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONBreast milk is the perfect food for infant. It has the right amount of body building protein that the young child needs to grow. After four months, breast milk alone is not enough to make the infant grow well. Other foods need to be given in addition to breast milk. So, this work was carried out to evaluate the different types of local market infant formulas chemically.Also, several trails were carried out to use wheat germ in the manufacture of infant food formula. This work could be summarized as follow:-Local market baby food formula.Infant formula samples were collected from the Loral market. The collected samples were analyzed for chemical composition and results obtained could be summarized as fallows:1- Cerelac with cereal; fruits and vegetables had the highest fat content.2- Riri had the highest protein content.3- Nestle with wheat contained the highest carbohydrate content (84.68%).4- Nestle Cerelac with vegetables had the highest fiber content (3.00%).5- Gerber with fruits had the highest ash content (3.2%)6- Gerber with fruits had the highest moisture content (4. 35%).7- The highest sodium content obtained from Cerelac with both cereal and fruits (140 mg and 145 mg/100g respectively).8- Potassium content showed to be the highest in Nestle Cerelac with fruits (682 mg/100g).9- The highest calcium content found in Gerber with fruits (1009 mg/100g).10- The highest phosphorus content obtained from Riri with fruits (501 mg/100g).11- The highest iron content found in both Nestle with wheat (14.85 mg /100g).12- The highest Vit. A found in both Gerber with vegetables and Gerber.13- The highest amount of Vit. D (400 IU) obtained from Riri with cereal milk, Riri with fruits, Riri with vegetables and Gerber with vegetables.14- Riri and Gerber with fruits had 4 IU of Vit. B.15- The highest Vit. C Content (103 mg/100g) found in Riri with cereal milk.16- The highest Vit. B1 found in Nestle with wheat, Nestle Cerelac with fruits and Nestle Cerelac with vegetables (0.8mg/100g) for each.17- The highest Vit. B2 found in Riri cereal milk and Riri with fruits (0.8mg/100g) for each.18- All the samples had the same amount of Pantothenic acid.Baby food formula made from wheat germ:Wheat germ was used in the manufacture of infant food formula at a ratio of 70%, 80%, 85% and 90% with adding 5% sugar and the rest from skim milk powder and vanilla flavour.The samples were subjected to chemical analysis and sensory evaluation. The results obtain could be summarized as follows:1- Moisture content increased slightly with increasing wheat germ percent.2- Fat content increased with increasing the added ratio of wheat germ.3- Protein content and carbohydrates decreased with increasing the added wheat germ.4- Carbohydrate content decreased with increase of wheat germ.5- Fiber content increased with increasing wheat germ percent.6- Ash content decreased slightly with increasing wheat germ percent.7- Energy density increased with the increase of wheat germ percent.8- Calcium content decreased with increasing wheat germ percent.9- Iron content increased with increasing wheat germ percent.10- Phosphorus content decreased with increasing wheat germ percent.11- Potassium decreased and sodium increased with increasing wheat germ percent.12- Vitamins A, D, E, C, B1, B2 and B6 increased with increasing wheat germ percent.11- Organoloptic properties showed that treatment 4: 85% wheat germ, 10% skim milk powder and 5% sugar obtained the highest organoloptic total scores.Designed questionnaire for mothers interview:The mothers were interviewed for their age, delivery times, economic, education levels and area of living. Also, the infants ages and weights were recorded. The obtained data was statistically analyzed using the statistical analysis system.The obtained data could be summarized as follows:1- The highest ratio of mothers age (20 – 25 >) was 22% in urban area.2- Mothers’ job classified as 28% (housewives), 9% (housewives + working in the filed), 2% (housewives + profession) and 11% (housewives + governmental work).3- Number of birth (three) was 15% in urban while three birth times was 17% in rural area.4- Time of weaning increased with increasing the infant age to reach the maximum ratio at the age up to 2 years or more.5- Most mothers preferred to use mix food.6- Most of the infant’s health was good after weaning.7- Infant weight after 6 months ranged from 6–7.5 kg.8- Infant weight after 9 monthly ranged from 7.75 – 9 kg.9- Infant weight after one year ranged from 8.5 – 10 kg.10- Infant weight after 18 months ranged from 9.5-12 kg.11- Infant weight after two years ranged from 11 kg up to 13 kg.V. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONBreast milk is the perfect food for infant. It has the right amount of body building protein that the young child needs to grow. After four months, breast milk alone is not enough to make the infant grow well. Other foods need to be given in addition to breast milk. So, this work was carried out to evaluate the different types of local market infant formulas chemically.Also, several trails were carried out to use wheat germ in the manufacture of infant food formula. This work could be summarized as follow:-Local market baby food formula.Infant formula samples were collected from the Loral market. The collected samples were analyzed for chemical composition and results obtained could be summarized as fallows:1- Cerelac with cereal; fruits and vegetables had the highest fat content.2- Riri had the highest protein content.3- Nestle with wheat contained the highest carbohydrate content (84.68%).4- Nestle Cerelac with vegetables had the highest fiber content (3.00%).5- Gerber with fruits had the highest ash content (3.2%)6- Gerber with fruits had the highest moisture content (4. 35%).7- The highest sodium content obtained from Cerelac with both cereal and fruits (140 mg and 145 mg/100g respectively).8- Potassium content showed to be the highest in Nestle Cerelac with fruits (682 mg/100g).9- The highest calcium content found in Gerber with fruits (1009 mg/100g).10- The highest phosphorus content obtained from Riri with fruits (501 mg/100g).11- The highest iron content found in both Nestle with wheat (14.85 mg /100g).12- The highest Vit. A found in both Gerber with vegetables and Gerber.13- The highest amount of Vit. D (400 IU) obtained from Riri with cereal milk, Riri with fruits, Riri with vegetables and Gerber with vegetables.14- Riri and Gerber with fruits had 4 IU of Vit. B.15- The highest Vit. C Content (103 mg/100g) found in Riri with cereal milk.16- The highest Vit. B1 found in Nestle with wheat, Nestle Cerelac with fruits and Nestle Cerelac with vegetables (0.8mg/100g) for each.17- The highest Vit. B2 found in Riri cereal milk and Riri with fruits (0.8mg/100g) for each.18- All the samples had the same amount of Pantothenic acid.Baby food formula made from wheat germ:Wheat germ was used in the manufacture of infant food formula at a ratio of 70%, 80%, 85% and 90% with adding 5% sugar and the rest from skim milk powder and vanilla flavour.The samples were subjected to chemical analysis and sensory evaluation. The results obtain could be summarized as follows:1- Moisture content increased slightly with increasing wheat germ percent.2- Fat content increased with increasing the added ratio of wheat germ.3- Protein content and carbohydrates decreased with increasing the added wheat germ.4- Carbohydrate content decreased with increase of wheat germ.5- Fiber content increased with increasing wheat germ percent.6- Ash content decreased slightly with increasing wheat germ percent.7- Energy density increased with the increase of wheat germ percent.8- Calcium content decreased with increasing wheat germ percent.9- Iron content increased with increasing wheat germ percent.10- Phosphorus content decreased with increasing wheat germ percent.11- Potassium decreased and sodium increased with increasing wheat germ percent.12- Vitamins A, D, E, C, B1, B2 and B6 increased with increasing wheat germ percent.11- Organoloptic properties showed that treatment 4: 85% wheat germ, 10% skim milk powder and 5% sugar obtained the highest organoloptic total scores.Designed questionnaire for mothers interview:The mothers were interviewed for their age, delivery times, economic, education levels and area of living. Also, the infants ages and weights were recorded. The obtained data was statistically analyzed using the statistical analysis system.The obtained data could be summarized as follows:1- The highest ratio of mothers age (20 – 25 >) was 22% in urban area.2- Mothers’ job classified as 28% (housewives), 9% (housewives + working in the filed), 2% (housewives + profession) and 11% (housewives + governmental work).3- Number of birth (three) was 15% in urban while three birth times was 17% in rural area.4- Time of weaning increased with increasing the infant age to reach the maximum ratio at the age up to 2 years or more.5- Most mothers preferred to use mix food.6- Most of the infant’s health was good after weaning.7- Infant weight after 6 months ranged from 6–7.5 kg.8- Infant weight after 9 monthly ranged from 7.75 – 9 kg.9- Infant weight after one year ranged from 8.5 – 10 kg.10- Infant weight after 18 months ranged from 9.5-12 kg.11- Infant weight after two years ranged from 11 kg up to 13 kg.V. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONBreast milk is the perfect food for infant. It has the right amount of body building protein that the young child needs to grow. After four months, breast milk alone is not enough to make the infant grow well. Other foods need to be given in addition to breast milk. So, this work was carried out to evaluate the different types of local market infant formulas chemically.Also, several trails were carried out to use wheat germ in the manufacture of infant food formula. This work could be summarized as follow:-Local market baby food formula.Infant formula samples were collected from the Loral market. The collected samples were analyzed for chemical composition and results obtained could be summarized as fallows:1- Cerelac with cereal; fruits and vegetables had the highest fat content.2- Riri had the highest protein content.3- Nestle with wheat contained the highest carbohydrate content (84.68%).4- Nestle Cerelac with vegetables had the highest fiber content (3.00%).5- Gerber with fruits had the highest ash content (3.2%)6- Gerber with fruits had the highest moisture content (4. 35%).7- The highest sodium content obtained from Cerelac with both cereal and fruits (140 mg and 145 mg/100g respectively).8- Potassium content showed to be the highest in Nestle Cerelac with fruits (682 mg/100g).9- The highest calcium content found in Gerber with fruits (1009 mg/100g).10- The highest phosphorus content obtained from Riri with fruits (501 mg/100g).11- The highest iron content found in both Nestle with wheat (14.85 mg /100g).12- The highest Vit. A found in both Gerber with vegetables and Gerber.13- The highest amount of Vit. D (400 IU) obtained from Riri with cereal milk, Riri with fruits, Riri with vegetables and Gerber with vegetables.14- Riri and Gerber with fruits had 4 IU of Vit. B.15- The highest Vit. C Content (103 mg/100g) found in Riri with cereal milk.16- The highest Vit. B1 found in Nestle with wheat, Nestle Cerelac with fruits and Nestle Cerelac with vegetables (0.8mg/100g) for each.17- The highest Vit. B2 found in Riri cereal milk and Riri with fruits (0.8mg/100g) for each.18- All the samples had the same amount of Pantothenic acid.Baby food formula made from wheat germ:Wheat germ was used in the manufacture of infant food formula at a ratio of 70%, 80%, 85% and 90% with adding 5% sugar and the rest from skim milk powder and vanilla flavour.The samples were subjected to chemical analysis and sensory evaluation. The results obtain could be summarized as follows:1- Moisture content increased slightly with increasing wheat germ percent.2- Fat content increased with increasing the added ratio of wheat germ.3- Protein content and carbohydrates decreased with increasing the added wheat germ.4- Carbohydrate content decreased with increase of wheat germ.5- Fiber content increased with increasing wheat germ percent.6- Ash content decreased slightly with increasing wheat germ percent.7- Energy density increased with the increase of wheat germ percent.8- Calcium content decreased with increasing wheat germ percent.9- Iron content increased with increasing wheat germ percent.10- Phosphorus content decreased with increasing wheat germ percent.11- Potassium decreased and sodium increased with increasing wheat germ percent.12- Vitamins A, D, E, C, B1, B2 and B6 increased with increasing wheat germ percent.11- Organoloptic properties showed that treatment 4: 85% wheat germ, 10% skim milk powder and 5% sugar obtained the highest organoloptic total scores.Designed questionnaire for mothers interview:The mothers were interviewed for their age, delivery times, economic, education levels and area of living. Also, the infants ages and weights were recorded. The obtained data was statistically analyzed using the statistical analysis system.The obtained data could be summarized as follows:1- The highest ratio of mothers age (20 – 25 >) was 22% in urban area.2- Mothers’ job classified as 28% (housewives), 9% (housewives + working in the filed), 2% (housewives + profession) and 11% (housewives + governmental work).3- Number of birth (three) was 15% in urban while three birth times was 17% in rural area.4- Time of weaning increased with increasing the infant age to reach the maximum ratio at the age up to 2 years or more.5- Most mothers preferred to use mix food.6- Most of the infant’s health was good after weaning.7- Infant weight after 6 months ranged from 6–7.5 kg.8- Infant weight after 9 monthly ranged from 7.75 – 9 kg.9- Infant weight after one year ranged from 8.5 – 10 kg.10- Infant weight after 18 months ranged from 9.5-12 kg.11- Infant weight after two years ranged from 11 kg up to 13 kg.