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Pakistan Veterinary Journal
University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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| Abstract: |
Avian salmonellosis poses a significant threat to the poultry sector. The ability of
Salmonella to form biofilms enhances its long-term persistence in poultry houses,
thereby increasing the risk of zoonotic transmission. Therefore, this study aims to
identify the prevalent Salmonella species in various broiler chicken farms and
conduct a risk analysis for their occurrence. The poultry samples, which included 220
bird organs and environmental samples, had a Salmonella isolation rate of 4.45%.
From the examined bird and environmental samples, 10 Salmonella isolates were
recovered (seven from bird samples and three from environmental samples). Ten
Salmonella isolates were identified in this investigation using serological analysis.
The study revealed the presence of five different serotypes: S. Enteritidis (40%), S.
Kentucky (30%), S. Typhimurium (10%), S. Infants (10%), and S. Gueuletapee
(10%). On the experimental level, the tube adherence test confirmed biofilm
formation on the inner surface of the test tubes, resulting in 20% of the Salmonella
isolates exhibiting a strong positive reaction, 50% displaying a moderate response,
and 30% showing a weak reaction. Additionally, our second objective is to conduct
an in vitro assessment of the S. Enteritidis strain's ability to form biofilms on PVC
coupons, given its zoonotic significance and detrimental effects on chickens.
Additionally, the biofilm's susceptibility to various disinfectants was evaluated. The
results show that Virkon S® (1% wt./vol) and H₂O₂ (1.0% vol/vol) were able to
reduce the count of microbes on the PVC surface by 5.6 and 5.8 log, respectively.
The effectiveness of disinfectants in eliminating biofilm on contaminated surfaces
varies depending on factors such as concentration, duration of contact, active
ingredients, biofilm age, and environmental variables that simulate real situations
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