Background: Nurses play a key role in improving the quality of healthcare by means of patient safety initiatives. Therefore, determining the perceptions of nurses regarding patient safety culture and assessing their knowledge and skills regarding patient safety will form a basis to enhance nurses' performance. Study’s purpose: to assess nurses' performance regarding patient safety in emergency operating rooms. Subjects and Methods: Research design: A descriptive design was utilized. Setting: The study was conducted in the emergency operating rooms at Zagazig University Hospitals, Egypt. Subjects: A convenience sample which composed of 70 nurses. Tools of data collection: two tools were used to collect the study data: I) an Interview questionnaire was used about personal characteristics of study nurses, nurses` knowledge and nurses 'attitude. II) An observational checklist to assess nurses` practices. Results: The present study revealed that more than half (52.9%) of studied nurses had unsatisfactory total knowledge regarding patient safety in emergency operating rooms. More than one third (38.6%) of studied nurses had unsatisfactory level of total practice regarding patient safety in emergency operating rooms. More than three quarters (77.1%) of studied nurses had negative attitude regarding patient safety in emergency operating rooms. Conclusion: The majority of studied nurses had unsatisfactory level of performance (knowledge, practice and attitude) regarding patient safety in emergency operating rooms. There was a statistically significant correlation between total knowledge, total practice and total attitude regarding patient safety in emergency operating rooms. Recommendation: continuous educational poster and training program should be designed particularly to the younger nurses with short duration of experience in emergency operating room.