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Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences
Elsevier B.V. on behalf of King Saud University
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Abstract: |
Proper soil management using rhizobacteria in combination with eco-friendly materials such as plant oils
can considerably influence soil ecological processes through soil biota, resulting in changes in the structure
and function of soil fauna. This work aimed to investigate the effectiveness of rhizobacteria and oils
in vitro besides soil management under greenhouse and field circumstances against root-knot nematode,
Meloidogyne incognita. Commercial rhizobacteria and four seed oils plants including, Colocynth, (Citrullus
colocynthis (L.), jojoba, (Simmondsia chinensis, Link) Schneid., moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam). and marjoram
oil (Origanum majorana L.) were tested in vitro on eggs and J2 of M. incognita using egg immobility
and hatchability assay, larvicidal assay, and in vivo under greenhouse and field conditions. Compared
to the infected plants, significant effects (p 0.05) were observed in the tested oils stock solutions
and recommended application rate (RC) of rhizobacteria versus eggs and J2 of M. incognita in vitro.
Under greenhouse environment, curative application by oils and rhizobacteria significantly promoted
fresh shoot, fresh root, weight and leaves count of pepper plants than the control. Rhizobacteria and oxamyl
resulted in a significantly elevated plant root and shoot weight percent than other tested materials
compared with infected plants. As well as, pots treated with rhizobacteria ranked next to oxamyl in
decreasing galls number and egg masses, whereas pots treated with O. majorana showed the lowest
nematicidal effect. Field evaluation of eco-friendly materials against M. incognita in naturally infected
tomato plants revealed that repeated application by rhizobacteria and oils mixtures exhibited better
results in declining galls numbers, egg masses, and J2 density in soil. These findings suggest that a possible
mechanism by rhizobacteria and oils can manipulate plant plant-parasitic nematodes behaviour in
field soils and potentially reduce nematodes damage.
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