Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder that occurs as a result of deficiency in insulin action, production, or both. Type 1 diabetes mellitus leads to serious complications that affect the different body systems and general health, which in turn increase the burden of the disease. Management of diabetes mellitus is complex, so the reliance of some patients on their caregivers has increased especially for children and adolescents. Knowledge is a crucial factor in maintaining patient glycemic control and adherence to treatment. However, poor glycemic control, insufficient treatment adherence, and severe psychological adjustment to disease could result from inaccurate or lack of knowledge about diabetes. The lack of knowledge and self-efficacy about diabetes management can lead to inadequate management and can be lethal to the patient.