Al-Athan (The Islamic Call to Prayer) in Egypt and Turkey during the Nineteenth Century (A Comparative Study) Each Country has a special character in its religious music. Islamic countries have a common call to prayer or Athan for being regarded as the basic pillar in Islam, and it is typically repeated five times a day. The researcher has noticed that Al-Athan in both Egypt and Turkey have several common musical elements; the thing that enhances the connection of Al-Athan in both countries. Thus, the researcher has conducted a comparative study to examine the musical characteristics of Al-Athan in both Egypt and Turkey. By doing so, she hoped to enrich the Arab music library with such new studies. The current research consists of the following main points: First: The Introductory Part that incorporate introduction, problem, significance, aims, questions, delimitations, method, sample, instruments, terms, and related previous study. Second: The Theoretical Framework that incorporates the a) the initiation, development, and music of Al-Athan, b) the most renowned reciters of Al-Athan in Egypt during the nineteenth century, and c) Al-Athan in the Ottoman countries, Al-Athan in Turkey during the nineteenth century, and the most renowned reciters in Turkey during that time. Third: Analysis that incorporates analysing the chosen samples consisting of a) Al-Athan in Egypt during the nineteenth century by each of Abd-AlBaset Abd-Al-Samad and Nasr Al-Din Tobar and b) Al-Athan in Turkey during the nineteenth century by Muhammad Abrar Abagy. Fourth: Results. Fifth: Suggestion and recommendations, references and resources, an Arabic summary, and an English summary . Keywords: Al-Athan (The Islamic call to prayer), Egypt, Turkey, the nineteenth centur -(A Comparative Study) .