Background: Cognitive dysfunction, including mild cognitive impairment and dementia, is considered as an important comorbidity and complication of diabetes and associated with inflammatory markers. Higher serum levels of CRP, IL-6 and TNF-α are associated with deteriorating cognitive function in elderly. The goal of this research was to detect cognitive impairment in elderly individuals with diabetes and their relation to hsCRP, IL-6 and TNF-α in those individuals. Subjects and methods: two hundred fifty-five elderly individuals which were divided into 3 groups according to present or absence of diabetes together with level of diabetes control; Group I: 85 elderly individuals without diabetes, Group II: 85 elderly patients with controlled diabetes. Group III: 85 elderly patients with uncontrolled diabetes. Routine laboratory investigations together with lipid profile, HbA1C, FBG, 2hpp, hs- CRP, IL-6 and TNF-α were analyzed in three groups using blood serum sample then correlated to degree of cognitive impairment using mini mental state examination (MMSE). Results: the present study proved that a statistically significant negative correlation between hs-CRP and MMS score examination in total population was found P <0.00001, there is statistically significant negative correlation between hs-CRP, IL-6, TNF-α and MMS score examination in total elderly subjects with diabetes P<0.001. As well, there is significant positive correlation between hs-CRP and FBG p<0.001. Conclusion: estimation of inflammatory markers in elderly patients with diabetes may be a reliable indicator to identify and anticipate cognitive dysfunction in such individuals