Current research priorities include the monitoring and reporting of emotional status issues, such as depression, anxiety, and stress, both to recognize the mechanisms that drive these negative emotions and to identify necessary corrective interventions. Identifying functional health pattern changes that occur among the public during home quarantine is an important task that can reflect the general public health status and uncover susceptibility to some chronic diseases, such as diabetes, hypertension, and coronary heart disease. Functional health pattern assessments should be adopted throughout the general population, especially among vulnerable groups, including front-line healthcare workers. The assessment of emotional status, functional health pattern issues, and self-efficacy during the home quarantine experience associated with COVID-19 is, therefore, necessary. We will perform such an assessment on a large sample of the population, utilizing a comparative study design, to examine accessible countries in the Middle East region, including Egypt, Jordan, and Saudi Arabia. Saudi Arabia is a country in Western Asia that constitutes the bulk of the Arabian Peninsula, with a population of 34 million, as reported in 2019. Jordan is an Arab country in Western Asia, on the East Bank of the Jordan River, with a population of more than 10 million, as reported in 2020. However, Egypt is a transcontinental country that spans the northeast corner of Africa and the southwest corner of Asia, through a land bridge formed by the Sinai Peninsula, with over 100 million inhabitants, as reported in 2020. All three countries are located in the Middle East region. AIM: To assess the emotional states (depression, anxiety, and stress), functional health patterns, and self-efficacy among individuals from Egypt, Jordan, and Saudi Arabia during the home quarantine experience associated with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). METHODS: A descriptive, cross-sectional research design was applied to a convenience sample that included 704 participants from Egypt, Jordan, and Saudi Arabia. Data collection was performed in April 2020, using a self-administered questionnaire that consisted of a sociodemographic data sheet, a functional health pattern survey, the Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale (DASS), and the General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES). All ethical issues pertaining to scientific research were considered. RESULTS: Overall, the sample was found to have mild-level DASS scores, with significantly higher scores identified for Egyptian participants compared with those from other countries. In contrast, participants from Egypt presented significantly reduced GSES scores than those from other countries. Higher mean DASS scores were identified among females, participants who reported inappropriate housing conditions, and participants who were unemployed, young, widowed, and school-educated. A high mean DASS score was significantly associated with reported disturbances in sleep, sexuality, and social communication, work schedule changes, the inability to concentrate on positive thoughts, the inability to empty their brains of daily thoughts, and not caring about regular interactions with family. Increased mean GSES scores were significantly associated with males, participants who reported appropriate housing conditions, participants who live alone, are older, married, hold higher education degrees, and who are employed with sufficient incomes, whereas lower mean GSES scores were significantly associated with participants who reported engaging in regular exercise, experiencing disturbances in sexuality and social communications, and reduced appetites. However, a significant inverse correlation was detected between the mean DASS and GSES scores, with significant positive correlations among the depression, anxiety, and stress subscales. Conclusion The COVID-19 quarantine has been associated with mild levels of depression stress and normal anxiety levels, with moderate to high self-efficacy levels. Participants from Egypt suffered from greater levels of stress, anxiety, and depression and lower self-efficacy compared with those among individuals from Jordan and Saudi Arabia. Based on the findings of this study, the following recommendations are suggested: Additional exploration and focus on the emotional status of individuals during the COVID-19 pandemic is recommended, and awareness programs designed to address the psychological effects of quarantine should be implemented, using mass media and other means. Effectively addressing emotional needs during and after COVID-19, as well as preparing for potential future outbreaks, will require an understanding of the nature and extent of the emotional impacts and the factors linked to negative emotional outcomes during disease outbreaks; thus, the evidence regarding the effectiveness of interventions can be rapidly implemented to prevent and overcome emotional problems that may arise.