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Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences
Elsevier
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Abstract: |
This work aims to evaluate the antibacterial activity of biological zinc nanoparticles (BIO-ZnONPs)
against pathogenic fish bacteria and assess the effect of BIO-ZnONPs on the performance, behavior,
and immune response in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) as compared to chemical zinc nanoparticles
(CH- ZnONPs). Aspergillus niger TS16 fabricated the BIO-ZnONPs were spherical shape with the average
size of 45 nm and net charge of 27.23 mV. Generally, the results indicate that BIO-ZnONPs were more
effective than CH- ZnONPs in enhancing the performance properties of Nile tilapia. Five experimental
groups of Nile tilapia (initial body weight of 20.2 g) were treated with two concentrations of 0.5 and
1 mg L1 from biological and chemical ZnONPs, while the fifth group was served as a control. After ten
weeks of treated water with ZnONPs, the performance, feed efficiency parameters, feeding, and swimming behaviors significantly improved in BIO-ZnONPs treated groups (P < 0.05). The liver function, LYZ
activity, and NBT values were significantly enhanced in the 0.5 mg L1 BIO-ZnONPS group compared
to CH- ZnONPs group and control (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the lowest cortisol and the highest testosterone
and growth hormone levels were recorded in 1 mg L1 BIO-ZnONPs group. Regarding the antibacterial
effects, BIO-ZnONPs displayed the lower total bacterial loads in water and fish tissues (intestine, gills,
skin, and muscle) and the maximum antibacterial properties against pathogenic bacteria (Listeria monocytogenes, Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and
Aeromonas hydrophila). Our study exemplifies novel findings of BIO-ZnONPs in the promotion of fish
health and production and its antibacterial properties in Nile tilapia.
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