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Zagazig Veterinary Journal
Faculty of Veterinary medicine, Zagazig University
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Bacterial pathogens are the most serious agents causing diseases in both wild and cultured fish
resulted in massive mortalities and economic losses. Motile Aeromonas Septicemia (MAS) is a
prevalent bacterial disease caused by Aeromonas hydrophila (A. hydrophila) that impacts
freshwater fish. This research aimed to evaluate doxycycline (DOX) antibacterial activity against
A. hydrophila both in vitro and in vivo. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and mutant
prevention concentration (MPC) of DOX against A. hydrophila previously isolated from African
catfish (Clarias gariepinus) were determined to be 0.78μg/mL and 3.9μg/mL, respectively. For
in vivo experiment, a total number of 80 apparently healthy African catfish, were distributed
randomly into four equal groups. Group 1 (non-infected, non-treated) was kept as control, Group
2 (non-infected and treated) was non-infected and treated with 20 mg/Kg BW of DOX for 5
successive days in feed, Group 3 (infected) was inoculated intraperitoneally (IP) with A.
hydrophila (2× 108 CFU/ mL) and Group 4 (infected and treated) was infected with A.
hydrophila then treated with 20 mg DOX/Kg BW. Our results revealed 70% mortality in African
catfish experimentally challenged with A. hydrophila (Group 3). Moreover, significant elevation
of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (89±16.26, 54.67±6.44, 36±5.29 U/L, respectively),
aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (195±7.64, 221.33±17.9, 211.33±12.72 U/L, respectively) and
creatinine (0.68±0.098, 0.76±0.052, 0.58 ±0.023 mg/dL, respectively) was observed on 1st, 7th
and 14th days post treatment. While treatment of the infected fish (Group 4) with DOX decreased
the mortality rate to 30 %, improved the clinical signs and significantly reduced serum ALT
(30.67±6.01, 22.67±1.86 U/L, respectively) and AST (153±7.57, 147.67±6.7 U/L, respectively)
on 7th and 14th days post treatment. Also, it significantly decreased creatinine (0.21±0.026,
0.25±0.047, 0.21±0.053 mg/dL, respectively) levels at 1st, 7th and 14th days post treatment when
compared with those of Group 3. The results showed that DOX could be used as an effective
treatment against A. hydrophila infection in African catfish with little adverse effects.
Keywords: Doxycycline, Aeromonas hydrophila, African catfish, In vivo, In vitro, Antibacterial
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