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Journal of Thermal Biology
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This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary dried Rocket Leaves meal (DRLM) supplementation
on growth performance, immune response, and antioxidant capacity of Oreochromis niloticus reared under different
water temperature. For this purpose, five hundred and forty apparently healthy O. niloticus were allocated
into nine groups fed three DRLM-supplemented diets (0,1, and 3%) and reared at three water temperature (18,
24, and 32°C) in a 3×3 total randomized factorial design. The results revealed that exposure of fish to low
(18°C) or high (32°C) temperatures for 30 days evoked significant growth retardation, depleted antioxidant
enzymes activities (Catalase; CAT and super oxide dismutase; SOD), lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde;
MDA), immunosuppression, altered cortisol level compared to those reared at 24°C. Moreover, a marked downregulation
of oxidative stress related genes with up-regulation of interleukin 1β gene were apparent. In contrast,
DRLM incorporation, particularly at 3%, in heat or cold stressed fish diets significantly enhanced growth, restored
IgM and lysozymes levels, and SOD and CAT activities. Also, both the MDA and cortisol levels were
significantly depressed. Furthermore, both antioxidant and immune-related genes expression were significantly
corrected. Conclusively, 3% DRLM dietary supplementation in tilapia diet could be a promising strategy to
alleviate the temperature stress-induced negative impacts on fish health and performance.
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