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Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences
Elsevier B.V
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Abstract: |
The quantification, localization, production, function, and regulation of irisin/FNDC5 in camel species
have not been previously studied. The objective of this study was to detect the irisin content in
Arabian camel blood and tissues and study the gene expression of FNDC5 and PGC-1a in camel skeletal
muscles and white adipose tissue depots under basal conditions. To monitor if exercise influences blood
and tissue irisin protein levels as well as FNDC5 and PGC-1a gene expression levels, we analyzed irisin
concentrations in the serum, skeletal muscles (soleus and gastrocnemius), and white adipose tissues
(hump, subcutaneous, visceral, epididymal, and perirenal) in both control (n = 6) and exercised group
(n = 6) using ELISA and determined the cellular localization of irisin/FNDC5 and the mRNA levels of
FNDC5 and PGC-1a in skeletal muscles and adipose tissues via immunohistochemistry and real-time
PCR, respectively. The possible regulatory roles of exercise on some hormones and metabolites as well
as the detection of links between serum irisin and other circulating hormones (insulin, leptin, and cortisol)
and metabolites (glucose, free fatty acids, triglycerides, and ATP) were explored for the first time in
camels. Our results indicated that exercise induces tissue-specific regulation of the camel irisin, FNDC5,
and PGC-1a levels, which subsequently regulates the circulating irisin level. Significant associations were
detected between the levels of irisin/FNDC5/PGC-1a in camels and the metabolic and hormonal
responses to exercise. Our study suggested that irisin regulates, or is regulated by, glucose, FFA, insulin,
leptin, and cortisol in camels. The novel results of the present study will serve as baseline data for camels.
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