| Abstract: |
El-Salam Canal is one of the most important irrigation projects in Egypt. It aims to irrigate the new reclaimed areas by reusing drainage water mixed with the Nile water to create new developmental axis along the Canal course. The new techniques of GIS (Arc GIS), Spatial Geostatistical analysis, and computer model (ASLE) as integrated tool were used to assess water quality of El-Salam Canal and its contributed drains, in addition to evaluate soil capability and suitability for crop production.The obtained results can be summarized that Spatial variation of pH values for irrigation water samples collected from different locations along El-Salam Canal course for a period extended to one year were ranged between 7.71 and 8.03, the values of pH lie in the normal range. The spatial variation of EC values were varied from 0.46 dSm-1 to 2.62 dSm-1. Spatial variation of alkalinity indicators were ranged from 30.22% to 51.22% for SSP, 1.29 mmolcL-1 to 5.72 mmolcL-1 for SAR, 2.49 mmolcL-1 to 14.61 mmolcL-1 for adj. SAR, 1.38 mmolcL-1 to 6.30 mmolcL-1 for adj.R Na, and 0.65% to 7.25% for ESP. The values of miscellaneous elements contents were found to be below the recommended maximum concentration in irrigation water. The permeability index values were about 62 %. Mechanical analysis of soil samples indicated that the texture was varied from classes of sandy loam, clay loam, sandy clay loam, sandy clay, and clay. The weighted average of bulk density values were varied from 1.43 g/cm3 to 1.67 g/cm3. The weighted average of pH values for soil samples collected from different profiles of the study area were varied from 7.84 to 8.63. The weighted average of EC values varied from 1.31 dSm-1 to 107.99 dSm-1. The weighted average of alkalinity indicators values were ranged from 4.47 mmolcL-1 to 34.42 mmolcL-1 for SAR, 4.90 mmolcL-1 to 37.79 mmolcL-1 for adj.RNa, 5.38% to 50.01 % for ESP.The weighted average values of CaCO3 were also varied from 3.21 % to 15.2%.The weighted average were varied from 0.47 % to 4.85 % for O.M, 10.9 cmolckg-1 to 30.58 cmolckg-1 for CEC, 18.02 mgkg-1 to a higher value of 38.78 mgkg-1 for available N, 2.48 mgkg-1 to 11.25 mgkg-1 for available P, 91.69 mgkg-1to 305.70 mgkg-1 for available K. The weighted average values were fluctuated from 20.82 mgkg-1 to 57.87 mgkg-1 available Fe, 0.57 mgkg-1 to 2.83 mgkg-1 for available Zn, 0.05 mgkg-1 to 0.19 mgkg-1 for available Pb, 0.02 to 0.03 mgkg-1 for available Cd, 0.08 mgkg-1 to 0.72 mgkg-1 for available Co.The study area had been classified into three capability classes C3, C4, and C5.The results reveled that the soils in the studied area belonged to suitable (S1), moderately suitable (S2), marginally suitable (S3), conditionally Suitable (S4), and Actually unsuitable (NS) for wheat; suitable (S1), moderately suitable (S2), marginally suitable (S3), and Actually unsuitable (NS) for rice; suitable (S1), moderately suitable (S2), and Actually unsuitable (NS) for cotton; suitable (S1), moderately suitable (S2), marginally suitable (S3), and Conditionally Suitable (S4) for beet.
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