| Abstract: |
The present investigation was carried out during two seasons (2009 and 2010), in the Agriculture Research Station, Faculty of Agric., Zagazig Univ., Khattara region, Sharkia Governorate, Egypt. The research work aimed to study the influence of two sowing dates (May 1st and May 25th) and five fertilization regimes on yield, yield attributes and seed quality of three sesame varieties grown in sandy soil.Results indicated that, early planting date on May 1st, significantly increased branch and capsule numbers /plant, capsule and seed weights (g/plant), seed weight (g/capsule), straw weight (g/plant), straw, seed and biological yields/fad. as well as seed oil content, protein yield (kg/fad.) and oil yield (kg/fad.). Sesame capsule was longer and 1000-seeds weight were lighter, due to late sowing on May 25th.Concerning to the varietal differences, insignificant varietal differences were observed in each of days to 50% flowering, flowering period (day), capsule and straw weight (g/plant), straw yield (tonne/fad.), fruit and seed yield efficiency and relative fruitfulness.Sesame variety Giza 32 was superior than Toshka 1 and Shandaweel 3 in each of plant height, height to the first capsule, fruiting zone length, branch and capsule numbers /plant, seed weight/plant, seed yield (kg/fad.) as well as protein and oil yields (kg/fad.).Respecting to the influence of fertilization regimes, differences in each of days to 50%flowering, flowering period (day), sesame capsule length, capsule weight (g/plant), number of seeds/capsule, seed weight (g/capsule), 1000- seeds weight (g), harvest index, fruit and seed yield efficiency, relative fruitfulness and fruiting index, due to fertilization regimes were irresponsible. The appliance of the recommended pure chemical fertilization regime ”F1”,(NPK= 60:31:50 kg/fad.) increased significantly each of plant height, height to first branch, height to first capsule, fruiting zone length. The highest branch number/sesame plant, capsule number/plant, seed weight (g/plant), straw weight (g/plant), straw yield (tonne/fad.), seed yield (kg/fad.) and biological yield (tonne/fad.), could be attained due to the application of either ”F1” fertilization regime (recommended NPK= 60:31:50 kg/fad.), or ”F5” fertilization regime (organic manure + biofertilizers + ½ NPK).Those results cleared that, dual application of organic manure and biofertilizers (Cerealine + Microbien) in addition to 50% of the recommended NPK fertilizer regime, were as affective as the application of fertilizer regime F1” NPK= 60:31:50 kg/fad.”.The highest seed protein content could be obtained due to the application of the fertilization regime ”F5” which included ”organic manure + biofertilizers + ½ NPK”. The high protein and oil yields (kg/fad.), could be obtained due to the application of either ”F1” or ”F5” fertilization regimes, that means that partial replacement of NPK chemical fertilizers by bio-organic fertilizers was in good use.
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