| Abstract: |
The study aimed to investigate the physicochemical properties of pesticide spray solution, surface tension (dyne/cm), viscosity (mPs) and pH tests before and after the addition of adjuvants (agrimax 3H) or fertilizer (ammonium sulphate) to the tested insecticides (malathion, aphox) and extract plant (neem oil).Laboratory and field experiments were carried out at Plant Protection Deparment, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University and at horticultural Alqnayate Farms, Sharkia governorate, during 2009 and 2010 seasons.Field studies: The results indicated that the compounds malathion alone or malathion mixture with agrimax 3H and malathion with ammonium sulphate caused increasing % reduction gradually for population of aphid, Brevicoryne brassicae infested cabbage plants during 2009 season. In season 2010 the result illustrated, that the insecticide malathion alone and mixture with agrimax 3H or ammonium sulphat and agrimax 3H alone caused increasing % reduction of aphid, B. brassicae. The compound aphox alone or aphox mixture with agrimax 3H and aphox mixture with ammonium sulphate caused increasing % reduction gradually for population of aphid, B. brassicae infested cabbage plants during 2009 season. In season 2010 the results obtained revealed that aphox, aphox plus surfactant and aphox plus salts causing increasing of % reduction of aphid, B. brassicae. In season 2010, the results illustrated, that the insecticide neem oil alone, mixture with surfactant (agrimax 3H) and (ammonium sulphate) and agrimax 3H alone caused increasing % reduction of B. brasicae . While, ammonium sulphat applied alone caused % reduction for the pest gradually with exposure periods. Laboratory studies: The results indicated that the addition of adjuvants agrimax 3H and ammonium sulphat decreasing the surface tension value of malathion spray solutions. the surfactant agrimax 3H gave the least value of the surface tension compared to aphox when used alone at concentration (0.05 gm / 100ml). While the surfactant agrimax 3H and ammonium sulphat increased viscosity values compared with aphox in the same concentration. Also, ammonium sulphat gave the higher surface tension values. The extract neem oil used alone or mixture with surfactant (agrimax 3H) and agrimax 3H alone showed higher pH value compared with control (water). While, the ammonium sulphate used alone or mixture with compound malathion, aphox and neem oil showed lower pH value compared with control.
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