Investigations of switching operations on composite feeders

This paper describes the switching operations and the accompanied overvoltages produced on composite feeders, when a circuit breaker closes at the peak of the applied voltage. Transformer and line-cable feeders are considered. The studies have covered the energisation of both systems from sources ranging from the purely resistive to the purely inductive. The means of reducing such overvoltages, such as pre-insertion resistor, surge arrester, shunt compensation, and combinations of them, are also included and the effect of system parameters and factors, such as circuit-breaker position, source inductance, type of source, transmission-line-length, effect of arrester position for different values of source inductance and cable-side and line-side energisation, on initial voltage applied and accompanied overvoltages are covered. The results which are obtained, are summarized in tables and graphic forms, followed by a general conclusion.