Design A Water desalination apparatus operates by solar energy

The hot saline water from the FPSC flowed into the SSBSS basin, which heated by solar insolation with the low design water depth (lead to low thermal capacity of basin) so saline water evaporated more quickly than deeper water depth. Since the saline water from the FPSC filled on water liner (surface), so it was always at higher temperature with respect to basin water. The evaporation happed as follow: saline water temperature in the SSBSS increased so its molecules motion became very vigorous and liberated from water liner in increasing number, convection to air above water liner carried the evaporated molecules away to the glass cover inner surface, which had temperature always at relatively lower temperature so vapor started to condense on it. The glass cover adjusted with an inclined angle (12°) from horizontal to allow the formed water DROPlet to run down to the trough and prevent its falling back to the basin. The condensed water discharged out of the SSBSS as fresh water. After the condensation happened the carrier air cooled again and became heavier than hot air on water liner, thus the convection current will continue to reach the thermodynamic balance inside the SSBSS. The SDA had high productivity due to high basin water temperatures and it could operate in periods of low or no sunshine that happen during the day. In addition, it has the ability to be used as a solar water heating system by draw-off some quantity of hot water from the HWST. This resulted in a reduction of the HWST average temperature due to mixing with cold water, which reduced stored heat amount by the HWST leading to lower output of the SDA in night operation. However, draw-off some quantity during the daylight the FPSC could heat the mixed saline water due to the solar insolation.