Abstract Background: The clinical symptoms of inflammatory skin illnesses and their management may be significantly impacted by changes in the composition and/or function of the human skin microbiota, which is thought to cause immunological dysregulation and an inflammatory response. Aim: to investigate the role of skin microbiota in the development of hepatic and renal pruritus. Methods: Blood samples and three skin swabs (from dry, moist, and sebaceous sites) were collected from 75 patients, including 45 patients with hepatic disease and 30 patients with renal disease. Samples were analyzed by 16S rRNA sequencing and by an ELISA for autotaxin. Results: The study found significant differences in skin microbiota between hepatic groups at three different sites. Hepatic patients with itching had higher levels of potential pathogens and lower levels of commensals, with Gamma-Proteobacteria and Staphylococcaceae being more abundant in sebaceous and moist sites. In dry sites, Beta-Proteobacteria were more prominent. Also, Gamma-Proteobacteria and Staphylococcaceae were distinguished in renal patients with itching Conclusions: Dysbiosis of the microbiota was observed in cases of hepatic and renal pruritus, suggesting a role in the treatment of these conditions.