Childhood stunting remains a threatening nutritional problem and persistent global challenge. It is a major health problem affecting Egyptian children. The aim of the present study was to compare between case and control groups in relation to physical assessment, anthropometric measurements and anemia. Subjects and Methods: A case-control research design was used to conduct the current study where 300 children under five years and their caregivers distributed equally in the form of case (150) and control (150) groups. The study sample was selected by a non-probability purposive sampling technique attending pediatric nutrition clinic for cases and general pediatric clinic for controls, Zagazig University Hospital. Tools of data collection: Two tools were used for collecting data. Tool (I): Interview questionnaire. Tool (II): Physical assessment form. Results: The study results showed that 84.7% of case groups had abnormalities in hair compared to 12.7% of control groups. In addition to 80.7% of case groupschildrenhaveabnormalitiesinlips,skincolorandnailcolor compared to 10.0% of control groups. Concerning anthropometric measurements, 100.0% of children in case groups’ height for age were below normal. Regarding the hemoglobin level, 80.0% of the cases were below normal compared to 47.3% of control groups. Conclusion: The study concluded that statistically significant differences were found between case and control groups regarding physical assessment, anthropometric measurements and hemoglobin level. Recommendations: It is recommended that periodic screening for young children allows early detection of stunting.