Pesticides are extensively used in agriculture to protect crops from pests and diseases, but theirpersistence in soil can pose environmental and health hazards. Sustainable pest control andenvironmental preservation depend on an understanding of the variables that affect pesticidedegradation. This study synthesizes current knowledge on the biotic and abiotic factorsimpacting pesticide degradation in agricultural soils. Key determinants include soilphysicochemical parameters such as pH, texture, and organic matter, ambient conditionsincluding temperature, moisture, and light, as well as biological activity and farming practices.The interactions between these elements typically result in complex degradation dynamics,altering the persistence and movement of pesticides. Predicting degradation rates is still difficultdespite major advancements because of variations in field conditions and the effects of climatechange. Addressing these gaps through future research is vital to optimize pesticide use, decreaseenvironmental damage, and promote sustainable agriculture.