Faculty of Physical Education for mail Department of Curriculum and Teaching Methods Developing an athletics curriculum for middle school students in the context of information technology Research presented within the requirements for obtaining ph. Doc Deg of Physical Education Prepared by Ahmed Mohammed Mohammed Abdullah Assistant Lecturer at the Department of Curriculum and Teaching Methods, Faculty of Physical Education for mail, Zagazig University Supervised by Dr Dr Abdullah Manna Al-Tahawi Professor of Curricula and Head of the Department of Curricula and Teaching Methods College of Physical Education for mail Zagazig University Abdel Qader Elsayed Mustafa Awad Assistant Professor, Department of Theories and Applications of Field Competitions Track and College of Physical Education for mail Zagazig University 1442هـ – 2021 م Introduction and problem of research: The current era is characterized by rapid changes at various levels: scientific, technological, developmental, and societal. These challenges had to be met, by reviewing the educational reality in various countries of the developed world, to develop and modernize education in Egypt. One of the most important educational reviews is currently evaluating and reviewing all components of the educational process, paying attention to the content and quality of education, expectations of the learner's academic performance, and keenness to reach the level of mastery, which has become a basic requirement and an important educational trend, which achieves the overall quality of education, and the standards movement has been entrenched and supported by Education institutions and those interested in them, at the international level, and the preparation of national standard levels for the education system has become a necessity and a starting point for education reform in Egypt. Therefore, standards-based reform is one of the best options for improving, developing and modernizing the quality of education. Through the study carried out by the researcher in the master’s stage entitled “Evaluating the School Physical Education Curriculum for Preparatory Stage Pupils in Sharkia Governorate in the Light of Quality Standards,” the most important of which was that there are deficiencies in, including school physical education for this stage, which is applied in the year 2015 AD, and not using Technological means and that they need to be developed, after reviewing some previous studies related to this topic, such as: The study of Asma Zain Al-Abidin Abd Al-Ghani Atallah(2015 AD) 2015 - the most important results of which were to publish and apply the proposed curriculum to the fourth, fifth and sixth grades, increase the number of physical education classes, activate the role of training courses for teachers, spread sports and health culture among students and conduct a follow-up assessment for this Curriculum - The study of Iman Tharwat Ragheb Ibrahim Abdullah Al-Jundi (2017 AD) and its most important results were that the goals were clear to the students at this stage, and the responsible authorities reconsidered when developing the curriculum content in proportion to the students of this stage, printing the curriculum and delivering it to the students at the beginning of the year and providing the necessary capabilities for success Curriculum. - The study of Muhammad Rashad Abdel-Wahab Diab (2014 AD) and its most important results were that the proposed curriculum is suitable for the Azharite secondary stage, and highlights the teacher's role in developing the curriculum and his field experience in the Sunni stage and its requirements in curriculum development. And also the personal interview of some experts in the curriculum, including teachers of curricula and teaching methods, professors of athletics at the Faculties of Physical Education and some teachers of physical education at this stage, it became clear that despite the continuous technological progress and development in our world in various fields, including the field of education and the many changes required in the curricula to keep pace with this development. The school physical education curriculum is still presented in the traditional and textual paper-based method and neglects the technological means and lacks the means of evaluation for this curriculum, and the strong games curriculum is part of the school physical education curriculum and therefore the same problems and shortcomings exist in it. Given the keenness of those in charge of the education system to develop the educational process and spread the use of modern technological means in education to help facilitate and improve the educational process, for example, the Ministry of Education's keenness to implement the new system by introducing iPad and other technological means into the educational process, which required seeking to develop a curriculum Athletics for the second year of middle school students to cope with these changes and developments in the educational process. After reviewing the previous studies related to the current study and within the limits of the researcher's knowledge, it was found that these studies did not address the research development of the athletics curriculum for second-grade middle school students using some technological means, and based on the researcher's observation and interview with some experts in the curriculum, including teachers of curricula and teaching methods and game professors The forces in the Faculties of Physical Education, and some physical education teachers in schools at this stage, and what has been clarified from previous data, the problem of the study is evident in the need to develop an athletics curriculum for second-grade middle school students using some technological means, which is what the researcher was invited to do this study. research importance : The importance of the study lies in the following : - Highlighting the importance of school physical education and activating its role in schools . - To provide a developed curriculum that keeps pace with the technological advancement and its continuous changes . - Identifying methods for evaluating the strong games curriculum for middle school students, as a step to developing evaluation methods for the rest of the curriculum, which results in making the school physical education subject a pass and fail subject . - Contribute to spreading the technological culture in education, obtaining and sharing information among students . - Helping to open the way for researchers to conduct the same study on other sports in the curriculum, which is beneficial to school physical education and for students to benefit, and to spread a sound sports culture among them . Research goal : This study aims to (develop the athletics curriculum for middle school students within the framework of information technology) through : 1- Determining the appropriate strong games curriculum in all its vocabulary for middle school students . 2- To identify the extent of the success of the developed strong game curriculum under consideration in achieving the objectives set for this stage . 3- Using some technological means in presenting and presenting the strong games curriculum for middle school students . 4- Determining the methods of evaluating the athletics curriculum for middle school students . 5- Identify the extent of teacher and mentor satisfaction with the strong games curriculum developed for this stage . Search questions : ? 1- What is the appropriate strong games curriculum for middle school students 2- What are the appropriate evaluation methods for the developed athletics curriculum for middle school students ? 3- What is the success of the strong games curriculum developed for middle school students in addressing the weaknesses of the traditional strong games curriculum ? 4- Does the developed strong games curriculum for the preparatory stage meet the needs of the students of that stage through the satisfaction of the teachers and mentors for this stage ? 5- What is the suitability of the technology used in the presentation and implementation of the developed strong games curriculum for the preparatory stage ? Search procedures : Research Methodology : The researcher used the two descriptive approaches by the survey method and the applied approach with a dimensional measurement of two groups, one experimental and the other controlling, to calculate the statistical differences between the two groups, in order to suit their suitability to the nature of the subject of study . Community and Sample Research : - The first part of the application: The research community is represented in the curriculum professors and strong game professors in the Faculties of Physical Education at the level of the Republic and the instructors and teachers of physical education in the preparatory stage in the Eastern Governorate 2019/2020 AD, and the sample was chosen by the deliberate method from the curriculum professors in the Faculties of Physical Education in the Arab Republic of Egypt No. (6) Professor and Professors of Power Games in the Faculties of Physical Education in the Arab Republic of Egypt, number (9) teachers, mentors and teachers of physical education at that stage, and the sample size of mentors and teachers reached (80) instructors and teachers distributed as follows: (30) waves of physical education, number (50) Teacher of Physical Education . - The second part of the application: the research community is represented by the preparatory stage pupils at the Bani Amer Preparatory Joint School, and the sample was chosen deliberately from the school's students and their number reached (108) pupils divided into: – (28) students from the first year of middle school were divided into (14) students in an experimental group and (14) control group . – (28) students from the second year of middle school were divided into (14) students in an experimental group and (14) control groups . – (28) students from the third year of middle school were divided into (14) students in an experimental group and (14) control group . - Number (24) students as an exploratory sample for the physical and cognitive tests divided into (8) students from the first year of middle school, and (8) students from the second year of middle school, and (8) students from the third year of middle school . - The third part of the application: The research community is represented by the instructors and teachers of physical education in the preparatory stage in the Eastern Province 2019/2020 AD, and the sample was chosen deliberately from the mentors and teachers of physical education at that stage, and the sample size of mentors and teachers reached (80) mentors and teachers Physical education distributed as follows: (20) sports education waves, (40) physical education teachers, and (20) instructors and physical education teachers as an exploratory sample . Data collection tools : (A) In light of the objectives that the field study seeks to achieve, the researcher prepared four forms as follows : (1) A questionnaire directed to the instructors and teachers of physical education at that stage of the researcher's design to identify the strong game curriculum with its vocabulary in terms of (skills, capabilities, teaching methods, methods and strategies, assessment methods) appropriate for each class at this age level and what are their suggestions and additions to improve it. (2) A questionnaire directed to the strong game professors in the Faculties of Physical Education designed by the researcher to identify the strong game curriculum in its terms in terms of (physical fitness elements and exercises for them, skills, evaluation methods) appropriate for each class at this age level and what are their suggestions and additions to improve it . (3) A questionnaire directed to the curriculum professors in the Faculties of Physical Education designed by the researcher to identify the strong game curriculum by collecting the appropriate vocabulary for each class of this age group and what are their suggestions and additions to improve it . (4) Experimenting on the ground for educational units designed by the researcher for the developed curriculum based on the opinions of the experts mentioned above on an experimental group from each first, second and third preparatory grade. The strength of each group is (14) pupils and a control group from each first, second and third preparatory grade, and their number is (14) ) Pupil and comparison between the telemetry of the control and experimental groups . (5) An exploratory study on (24) students as an exploratory sample for the physical and cognitive tests divided into (8) students from the first grade of middle school, and (8) students from the second grade of middle school, and (8) students from the third year of middle school . (6) A standard ruler for the physical and skill tests for the measurements of the control and experimental groups for the first, second and third preparatory grades . (7) A questionnaire to measure the satisfaction of teachers and mentors at this stage with the developed curriculum under study, and they are (60) wave and a basic sample teacher and (20) mentors and mentors, an exploratory sample . (8) An exploratory study of (20) instructors and teachers of physical education. (B) Previous studies and the researcher's master's thesis . (C) Observation . (D) Personal interview for some teachers and mentors at this stage . Application procedures : * The researcher conducted the first part of the application, which is the presentation of a questionnaire form to the experts (curricula, strong games, mentors and teachers) both within the limits of his specialization at the beginning of the first semester of the academic year 2019/2020 AD, through which the developed strong games curriculum was reached. The appropriate for the preparatory stage in all its vocabulary . * The researcher prepared the developed strong game curriculum based on expert opinions and in light of the available capabilities and the general orientation of the state and in light of the development and technological advancement, and it was divided into (teacher's guide, the strong games curriculum developed for the preparatory stage in all its vocabulary, explanation and detail, models for educational units for the skills prescribed for each class in the stage A set of videos explaining the skills assigned to each class in the stage (all this was placed on a CD), and the researcher chose the Bani Amer Joint Preparatory School of the East Zagazig Educational Administration in the Sharkia Governorate to conduct and implement the study, and the study period was (8) weeks that includes all the procedures for applying the strong games curriculum The developer started the application until the final exams, and the researcher deliberately selected a sample of the middle school students, consisting of two groups, each group consisted of (14) students from each class to conduct the study on them, and they were given a (CD) with the strong games curriculum developed for the middle school in all Its vocabulary is an explanation and detail, examples of educational units for the skills assigned to each class in the stage, a set of videos explaining the skills assigned to each class of the stage, And the researcher began applying the educational units to the experimental groups based on the schedule set by the ministry and the timing of the classes for each class, and at the same time the physical education teacher at the school applied the traditional curriculum and in the traditional way to a control group from the preparatory stage, the strength of each group (14) students from each class, After completing the application of the study, the researcher made a test (physical, skill, cognitive, observing the “work of the year”) on the control and experimental groups in each class in accordance with the curriculum decided upon them, then the researcher took (8) students from each of the three grades As an exploratory sample for physical and cognitive tests, it was carried out during the first semester of the academic year 2020/2021 AD and from its beginning until the completion of the application and before the decision to stop the study . * The researcher prepared a questionnaire form for the extent of satisfaction of mentors and teachers in the preparatory stage about the developed strong game curriculum and a method of presentation and presentation to each of the mentor, teacher and students by presenting all the developments and vocabulary of the developed strong game curriculum for each individual in the sample on my own, then the researcher took (20) instructors And a teacher from the preparatory stage as a sample to conduct an exploratory study, and a sample of (60) instructors and teachers to do the basic study in this part, and this was done at the end of the first semester of the academic year 2020/2021 AD and during the week following the completion of the application in the school and before the decision to stop the study . Statistical processors used : :The researcher used the following statistical treatments 1- arithmetic mean . 2- Standard deviation . 3- Correlation coefficient . 4- Transactions of ease, difficulty and differentiation . 5- The stability factor . 6- Alpha factor . 7- Percentage . 8- Materiality . 9- The value of Ca2 . The researcher satisfied the significance level at (0.05) *. The researcher also used the Spss program to calculate some statistical parameters . Conclusions and recommendations : Conclusions : Within the limits of the objectives, questions, and sample of the research, and through statistical treatments of the data, the researcher reached the following: Conclusions for the first part of the application (questionnaire for experts in curricula, strong games, mentors, and teachers) : (1) traditional strongman approach has many weaknesses, is not clear, and is appropriate . (2) developed strong game curriculum (general goals, special goals, physical and skill content, methods, methods and teaching strategies, assessment and evaluation methods) has been reached that suits the stage for which the curriculum is intended based on the opinions of experts . (3) developed strong games curriculum under study has contributed significantly to solving the weaknesses and problems of the current traditional strong games curriculum . (4) (4) appropriate evaluation methods have been determined for this curriculum and for this stage, based on the opinion of specialized experts . (5) (5) technological means used in the implementation and presentation of the developed curriculum are suitable for this stage and the general orientation of the state in this field . Conclusions regarding the second part of the application (application of the developed curriculum, physical, skill, cognitive, and observation) : (1) There are statistically significant differences between the post measurement of the control and experimental groups in favor of the experimental group, which explains the superiority of the developed curriculum in achieving the goal set for it for this stage . (2) The evaluation methods used to evaluate the developed strong game curriculum for this stage succeeded in evaluating the students and clarifying the extent of the success of the developed curriculum against the traditional curriculum . (3) The need of the teacher and student necessary for the development of the event in the developed strong games curriculum under study . (4) The noticeable development (physical, skill, and cognitive) in the performance of the students of the experimental group resulting from the use of the developed curriculum under study . Conclusions regarding the third part of the application (teacher and mentor satisfaction questionnaire) : (1) The statistical results of the questionnaire of teacher and mentor satisfaction with the developed strong games curriculum showed the complete satisfaction of the sample members in this part of the application about the accident development of the curriculum under study . (2) The developed strong game curriculum under study will address many problems and weaknesses with the traditional curriculum already applied . (3) The necessity for the continuity of development according to the changes of each period of time to be in line with this change and development . (4) It is necessary to use technological means in presenting and presenting the curriculum to the pupils to facilitate and improve the quality of the educational process . Recommendations : In light of the objectives and results of the research, and within the limits of the sample, the researcher can recommend the following : - To apply the developed strong game curriculum under study and to be circulated at the level of the Republic at this stage . - Reconsideration by the responsible authorities when developing a strong games curriculum for the preparatory stage in order to suit students, and to contain information and knowledge related to some different specializations . - Putting the developed strong game curriculum under study on the Ministry of Education website and facilitating access to middle school students and those in charge of implementing it at the beginning of each year . - Providing the material and human resources necessary to teach and implement the curriculum . - Conducting other similar studies aimed at developing the curriculum for the remaining competitions scheduled for the preparatory stage so that the physical education curriculum for the preparatory stage becomes fully developed .