This study addresses the health challenges associated with migrant transit through the Darién Gap, a dense and hazardous jungle region located between Panama and Colombia, considered one of the most dangerous migration routes in the world. The paper focuses on the risks of infectious diseases faced by migrants during their journey, as well as the challenges related to disease prevention and vaccination in the context of forced migration. Migrants crossing the Darién Gap are exposed to harsh environmental conditions, including tropical forests, lack of clean water, malnutrition, overcrowding, and limited access to medical care, which significantly increase the risk of infectious disease transmission. Major health threats include vector-borne diseases such as malaria and dengue fever, water- and food-borne infections, as well as respiratory and skin infections. In addition, low vaccination coverage among migrant populations increases the risk of outbreaks of vaccine-preventable diseases, including measles and diphtheria. The study also highlights the challenges faced by health systems in both transit and destination countries, including limited healthcare services, insufficient vaccination programs, and weak epidemiological surveillance systems along migration routes. The paper emphasizes the need for coordinated efforts between national health authorities and international organizations to provide essential healthcare services for migrants. The study concludes that integrated public health strategies are essential to address these risks. These include strengthening vaccination programs, improving disease surveillance systems, expanding access to primary healthcare at transit points, and enhancing regional and international collaboration to mitigate the health risks associated with migration through this perilous route.