This study investigates the thermomechanical deformation in a homogeneous, isotropic micropolar thermo-viscoelastic solid half-space, integrating nonlocal viscoelastic effects and the hyperbolic two-temperature (HTT) theory based on the Moore–Gibson–Thompson (MGT) heat equation. The governing equations are derived and solved using Laplace and Fourier transforms, with the displacement components, stresses, thermodynamic temperature, and conductive temperature modified based on specific normal force and heat sources at the boundary surface. Key findings include the significant influence of viscosity on the deformation and thermal distribution, the modification of wave propagation and energy distribution due to nonlocal effects, and the crucial role of HTT parameters in dictating thermal relaxation and wave behavior, particularly in high-speed or short-time scenarios. Additionally, several exceptional cases are identified, demonstrating unique thermomechanical responses resulting from the interplay between viscosity, nonlocality, and HTT parameters. Numerical inversion is employed to retrieve the physical quantities, with graphical results highlighting the effects of these parameters, thereby providing valuable insights into the thermomechanical behavior of micropolar thermoviscoelastic solids for advanced material design and applications.