his study investigated the fate and transformation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the phytoremediation process. The results showed that plants and associated rhizosphere microorganisms play an important role in the degradation and removal of PAHs from contaminated environments. Biological activity in the rhizosphere enhanced the breakdown of PAHs and reduced their accumulation in soil. Environmental factors and plant species significantly influenced degradation efficiency. Overall, phytoremediation was demonstrated to be an effective and environmentally friendly approach for reducing PAH contamination in polluted soils.