Abstract: |
Background & aim: Endometriosis is a common gynecological disorder with a partially
immune-mediated pathophysiology that remains poorly understood. Although it has been
linked to infertility, its association with obstetric complications is less clearly defined,
despite overlapping pathophysiological mechanisms with several such complications. This
meta-analysis was conducted to determine whether the association between
endometriosis and obstetric complications is statistically significant and consistent among
previous reports.
Methods: A comprehensive search of PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, EMBASE, and other
sources of gray literature was conducted to identify studies published before December
2024. Observational studies that documented the occurrence of specific pregnancy-related
outcomes in women with endometriosis compared to those without the condition were
considered eligible and included in the review.
Results: A significantly increased risks of preterm birth (odds ratio:1.73, 95% CI: 1.42-2.11),
placenta previa (3.13, 1.5-6.23), small-for-gestational-age (SGA) infants (1.28, 1.13-1.47),
and cesarean delivery rate (1.58, 1.29-1.79), and miscarriage rate (1.85, 1.3-2.47) have been
observed in women with prior endometriosis diagnosis. No substantial differences were
detected regarding gestational hypertension or pre-eclampsia. High heterogeneity was
noted across studies for all outcomes except pre-eclampsia, but the overall risk was
determined to be low.
Conclusion: Significant pregnancy and birth complications including preterm birth,
placenta previa, SGA infants, cesarean delivery, and miscarriage were linked to
endometriosis. Pregnant women with prior history of endometriosis should receive
specialized care.
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