Construction processes range from the very simple to very complex. Complex processes are difficult to analyze and optimize using standard mathematical methods. Simulation is an alternative method of analysis that offers numerous benefits. In the design of construction operations it is necessary to make decisions regarding complex processes. These decisions include determining crew sizes, selecting equipment, establishing operating logic, and selecting construction methods. Associated with each decision is a series of outcomes such as construction cost and time. Decisions are made on the basis of their expected outcomes. For example, the equipment fleet which used in an earth moving operation, a decision may be the one associated with the lowest expected operation cost. The main concern of the site manager is to come up with the best allocation of resources that provides high production rate and less idleness of resources (i.e., higher resource utilization). This should be done using a scientific method. As construction processes are dynamic and random, conventional time analysis method cannot be used because they are static in nature and project oriented. However, there are process-oriented methods that can be used, such as simulation techniques and queueing models. There has been growing interest since the seventies in the area of simulation as a tool to analyze construction processes and allocate resources at the process level. Several techniques are available to assess the outcomes associated with a particular method of performing a process. Experimentation with the real system, on one extreme, is very realistic but is expensive, slow, lacks generality, and sometimes impossible to do. Mathematical modeling, on the other extreme, is very precise but requires that important aspects of the process be disregarded, requires a high degree of mathematical ability, and becomes too complex for most real life construction situations. Simulation is the third technique. It is very convenient because, while being realistic, it is also inexpensive, fast, and flexible. In the construction domain, the use of simulation has involved either a commercial simulation package (e.g., GPSS, SIMAN, SIMSCRIPT, SIMULA, SLAM, etc.) or a custom-developed simulation package designed to model the unique characteristics of construction projects. Simulation packages developed specifically for application to construction operations include MicroCYCLONE, INSIGHT, RESQUE, and STEPS. These packages are all based on the CYCLONE (CYCLic Operation Network system). MicroCYCLONE is a Monte Carlo system that uses discrete event process interaction simulation to model and simulate the interaction between resources as resource units flow through a model. MicroCYCLONE version 2.7 is the simulation engine that has been used in this study due to its simplicity and wide application.