Introduction: Schwannoma, a benign nerve sheath tumor originating from Schwann cells, can migrate within the spine due to various factors, impacting surgical planning. Unforeseen movement complicates treatment, and it is considered a very rare tumor. Case presentation: A 24-year-old woman complained of persistent back pain and was examined at a neurosurgery clinic. Initial MRI found a spinal lesion that later moved, leading to two surgeries. The diagnosis was a Schwannoma, confirmed by examining the tissue under a microscope, showing characteristic features of a Schwannoma, specifically Antoni type A with recent hemorrhage. Discussion: Schwannoma, a rare nerve cell tumor, often migrates within the spine due to its lack of attachment within the dura. The tumor's movement can be triggered by various factors like nerve root laxity, pressure changes, body positioning, or medical procedures. A case study discussed a woman with back pain; her tumor migrated between two MRI scans, showcasing a common migration pattern. Lower back pain commonly manifests as a primary symptom in most cases. Imaging techniques such as myelography and intraoperative ultrasound assist in locating and managing these mobile tumors, advocating for their utilization to minimize surgical complications. Conclusion: Reported a rare mobile thoracolumbar schwannoma from nerve sheath cells. Its mobility complicates surgery; precise imaging like intraoperative MRI and ultrasound are crucial for localization, preventing complications.