فعالية برنامج للتدريب على التوكيدية فى خفض مستوى اضطراب القلق الاجتماعى لدى عينة من المراهقات

SummaryIntroduction:Social anxiety is a problem in the first instance due to its serious psychological and social effects and repercussions on the level of social relationships among the female adolescents , who suffer these effects , and among their peers and teachers , and those surrounding them . social anxiety leads to many problems among female adolescents , especially in social reaction and social participation, then the academic problems and poor achievement, and the in ability to establish friendships and the feeling of failure and low self-esteem. In order to help those female adolescents, they are trained in assertiveness in order to achieve-an appropriate level of adjustment in social reaction and the development of their self- confidence and developing their abilities to establish friendships and giving them the opportunity to express themselves, their feelings and their opinions in a suitable manner., this will help them to over come their shyness and improve their academic.To achieve the above mentioned goals, it is imperative to prepare a program for assertive training through which social anxiety can be reduced among them. The results of several research and previous studies dealing with the effect of training in assertiveness on reducing some emotional disorders social anxiety among them, support our conclusion.The problem :The problem of the study is that some female adolescents suffer some psychological disorder. The most common of these is social anxiety, and the in ability to establish positive social relationships, with others. This causes many negative repercussions, the most apparent of which are poor social relationships and social isolation, feeling of shyness and disorder in their social relationships with their relatives and those surrounding them. The female researcher has observed these disadvantages through her work as a teacher in the Preparatory stage, which is the beginning of adolescence, and observing some negative behaviors of the female pupils in this stage, which hinder their academic, achievement and their positive social reaction. Hence, the female researcher has realized the necessity of reducing the level of social anxiety and raising the level of assertiveness through training them in assertiveness in a program essentially prepared for this purpose.In view of the above mentioned points, the problem of the research can be formulated and identified in the following questions:1-Is there a significant correlative relationship between the level of assertiveness and that of social anxiety among a sample of female adolescents ?2- Are there significant differences among the average scores of the control group on the scale of social anxiety after administration of the program?3- Are there significant difference among the average scores of social anxiety in the pre-measurement and the post measurement ?4- Are there significant differences among the average scores of social anxiety in the experimental group post and follow up measurement?Importance of the study :The present study has both theoretical and applied importance :A-The theoretical importance:- The widespread disorder of social anxiety among the female adolescents, necessitating the confrontation with this disorder. - The importance of adolescence in the life of the individual as a marking , point from the psychological and social point of view in which the child passes form childhood into adolescence and the beginning of autonomy and self assertion.- The scarcity of Arabic studies in this field, as far as the female researcher knows , i; e., the studies dealing with the training programs in assertiveness in order to reduce the level of anxiety, in general, and social anxiety, in particular.B-The practical importance:- Offering a hand to the female adolescents, who suffer socialanxiety through training them in programs on assertiveness.- This study might help parents and those working in the field ofeducation in better dealing with the female adolescents throughhaving them participate in the social activities.Aims of the study:The present study aims at achieving the following:- Identification of the correlative relationship between assertiveness and social anxiety among the female adolescents.- Establishment of a program for training assertiveness, and training the female pupils of the experimental group in assertiveness, with the purpose of reducing the level of social anxiety.- Testing the effectiveness of a training program in assertiveness, to reduce the level social anxiety among a sample of female adolescents and comparing the post performance of a control group of female adolescents.- Making sure of the perpetuity of effectiveness of the training program in assertiveness in the follow up measurement two months After stopping the administration of the program.Hypotheses:In the light of the results of the previous studies and research, reviewed by the female researcher, the following hypotheses can be formulated in the form of probable answers to the questions of the study:1- There is a statistical significant negative correlation between the level of assertiveness and the level of social anxiety among a sample of female adolescents.2- There are statistically significant differences between the average scores of the experimental group and the control group in social anxiety after the administration of the program in favor of the experimental group in the better direction .3- There are statistically significant difference between the average score of the experimental group on the scale of social anxiety, in the pre and post measurement, in favor of the post measurement ( in the better position).4- There are no statistically significant differences between the average scores of the experimental group on the scale of social anxiety in the posttest and follow up .The sample:The study was conducted on a sample of (20) female pupils in the preparatory stage, they were equally divided into two groups:1- The control group : It consisted of (10) female pupils, who were not exposed to the training program .2- The experimental group : It consisted of (10) female pupils. Whom the training program was administered .Both groups are matched on the variables of age , mental abilities, the cultural level of Egyptian family, Social anxiety and the assertive skills.Instruments:1-The Scale of Mental Abilities , by Farouq Abd el-fattah ,1989.2-The Scale of the Cultural level of the Egyptian Family, by Abdel-Baset Khedre and Amal Ibrahim , 2003.3- Scale of Assertiveness Skills, by Tarif Shawky ,1988.4- Scale of Social Anxiety , by Mohammed El- Sayed Abd elRahman and Hanem Abd el Maksoud.5- A training program ( Based on training in assertiveness ), bythe female researcher.Statistical Methods:- The average of descriptive statistic scale .- Spearman and Beirson correlation coefficient.- Man-Whitney, Wilcoxon test and z value for independentSamples.- Wilcoxon test and z value for paired samples.Results:The results reveal that:1-There is a negative and molecular statistically significantcorrelation between the level of assertiveness and socialanxiety at ( 0, 01)in a sample of female adolescents.2- There are statistically significant at (0, 01) betweenexperimental and control groups in posttest of social anxietyand dimensions in favor of the experimental group (in thebetter direction ).3- There are statistically significant differences at (0, 01) in preand posttest of social anxiety and dimensions forexperimental group in favor of posttest ( reduce the level ofsocial anxiety ).4- there are no statistically significant differences forexperimental group in social anxiety in posttest and followup (two months after stopping the administration of theprogram ).Recommendations:In the end of this study the researcher recommended that:1-Providing schools with psychological workers, qualified and trained in dealing with the female adolescents in this age stage.2-Organizing guidance symposiums in these schools to instruct the female pupils in the characteristics of adolescence and its needs and dealing with its problems in a positive manner.3-encouraging the female pupils who suffer social anxiety to participate in the various school activities to increase their social reaction and encouraging them to participate in the social occasions within the family to increase their Social skills.