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Scientific Reports
Nature
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Abstract: |
Obesity upsurges the risk of developing cardiovascular disease, primarily heart failure and coronary
heart disease. Chia seeds have a high concentration of dietary fiber and increased concentrations of
anti‑inflammatoryand antioxidant compounds. They are used for weight loss plus enhancing blood
glucose and lipid profile. The current perspective was commenced to examine the protective influence
of chia seeds ingestion on cardiovascular disease risk factors in high‑fat diet‑fed rats. Forty male albino
rats (with an initial body weight of 180–200 g) were used in this study. Rats were randomly and equally
divided into 4 groups: Group I was the control group and group II was a control group with chia seeds
supplementation. Group III was a high‑fat diet group (HFD) that received HFD for 10 weeks and group
IV was fed on HFD plus chia seeds for 10 weeks. In all groups Echocardiographic measurements were
performed, initial and final BMI, serum glucose, AC/TC ratio, lipid profile, insulin (with a computed
HOMA‑IR), creatinine phosphokinase‑muscle/brain (CPK‑MB), CRP, and cardiac troponin I (cTnI) and
MAP were estimated. Whole heart weight (WHW) was calculated, and then WHW/body weight (BW)
ratio was estimated. Eventually, a histopathological picture of cardiac tissues was performed to assess
the changes in the structure of the heart under Haematoxylin and Eosin and Crossmon’s trichrome
stain. Ingestion of a high diet for 10 weeks induced a clear elevation in BMI, AC/ TC, insulin resistance,
hyperlipidemia, CRP, CPK‑MB, and cTnI in all HFD groups. Moreover, there was a significant increase
in MAP, left ventricular end diastolic diameter (LVEDD), and left ventricular end systolic diameter
(LVESD). Furthermore, histological cardiac examination showed structural alteration of the normal
structure of the heart tissue with an increase in collagen deposition. Also, the Bcl‑2 expression in the
heart muscle was significantly lower, but Bax expression was significantly higher. Chia seeds ingestion
combined with HFD noticeably ameliorated the previously‑recorded biochemical biomarkers,
hemodynamic and echocardiography measures, and histopathological changes. Outcomes of this
report reveal that obesity is a hazard factor for cardiovascular disease and chia seeds could be a good
candidate for cardiovascular system protection.
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