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Scientific Reports
Nature Publishing Group
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Abstract: |
Chocolate spot and heat stress devastatingly impact the production of faba bean, particularly under
prevailing climatic changes and rising drastic environmental conditions. Hence, the adaptability of
faba bean performance is a decisive objective of plant breeders to ensure its sustainable production.
The present study aimed to evaluate the agronomic performance and stability of diverse eleven
faba bean genotypes for yield characters, chocolate spot, and heat stress in eight different growing
environments. The faba bean genotypes were evaluated at two sowing dates in two different
locations during two growing seasons. The evaluated eleven faba bean genotypes were sown timely
in autumn (25 October) and late sowing in early winter (25 November) in Bilbeis and Elkhatara during
2020 and 2021 growing seasons. The results exhibited substantial differences among the evaluated
sowing dates, locations, and faba bean genotypes for all studied characters. The genotypes Sakha-3,
Nubaria-3, Nubaria-5, Misr-3, and Wadi-1 were able to produce acceptable yield and quality characters
under timely sowing in autumn and late sowing in early winter in all tested environments. Moreover,
the genotypes Nubaria-3, Nubaria-4, Nubaria-5, Sakha-4, Giza-3, and Triple White exhibited better
resistance to chocolate spot. The assessed faba bean genotypes were evaluated under late sowing to
expose the plants to high temperature stress at flowering and throughout the anthesis and seedfilling
stages. The genotypes Nubaria-5, Nubaria-3, Nubaria-4, Sakha-3, Sakha-4, Wadi-1, and Misr-3
possessed tolerance to heat stress more than the other genotypes. Different statistical methods were
applied to study the stability of assessed genotypes such as joint regression, Additive Main Effect and
Multiplicative Interaction (AMMI) analysis, AMMI stability value, Wricke’s and Ecovalence values. The
estimated stability parameters were consistent in depicting the stability of the assessed faba bean
genotypes. The findings revealed that Sakha-1, Misr-3, Nubaria-4, and Nubaria-5 demonstrated stable
and desirable performance across all tested environments. The heatmap was employed to classify
the assessed faba bean genotypes into different groups based on agronomic performance, chocolate
spot resistance and heat stress tolerance. Nubaria-3, Nubaria-4, Nubaria-5, and Misr-3 had the best
performance for agronomic performance, chocolate spot resistance, and heat stress tolerance. The
obtained results provide evidence of employing promising faba bean genotypes for improving the
stability of agronomic performance, chocolate spot resistance, and heat stress tolerance in breeding
programs principally under unprecedented climate fluctuations
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