Carbon footprint of global rice production and consumption

Faculty Agriculture Year: 2024
Type of Publication: ZU Hosted Pages:
Authors:
Journal: Journal of Cleaner Production Elsevier Volume:
Keywords : Carbon footprint , global rice production , consumption    
Abstract:
Rice paddies are not only sources of staple food for half of the global population but also account for nearly half of the anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions (GHGs) of croplands. Carbon footprint (CF) is a key tool for identifying and weighting sources of the GHGs along the food supply chain, promoting the efforts to curb these emissions within the targets of the climatic change protocol of the Paris Agreement. We introduced a comprehensive global quantification of rice CF, including direct and indirect emissions and sinks of the GHGs of inputs production, packaging, transportation, and application, soil and plant systems, farm operations, and uses of the produced biomass until the end of life. Globally, the rice CF was 2430 kg CO2eq. Mg−1 grain in 2020, of which 46% and 42% were sourced from the Gate and Grave stages, respectively, after excluding 3265 kg CO2eq. Mg−1 grain, that is the assimilated C in plant biomass. Net GHGs emissions of soil, biomass mulching and burning, and farm operations accounted for 20, 17, and 63%, respectively of the Gate stage CF. Meanwhile, food consumption contributed to the Grave stage CF by 92%. The rice CF ranged between 14 and 4854 kg CO2eq. Mg−1 grain among countries, wherein, for example, the rice CF values in Indonesia, India, Vietnam, and Russia represented 9, 50, 97, and 122% of the global average. Southeast, South, and East Asia were the major contributors (35, 34 and 18%, respectively) to the atmospheric CO2 load (2.4 Pg CO2eq.) of global rice production and consumption. This CO2 load will increase to 3.1 Pg CO2eq. in 2100, driven by a 32% growth in rice consumption. Here, we suggested an optimistic strategy (green energy use, hybridization, improving use efficiency of the inputs, and reducing food losses) to reduce the CO2 load by 60%.
   
     
 
       

Author Related Publications

  • Ahmed Ibrahim Elsayed Abdo, "Ammonia emission from staple crops in China as response to mitigation strategies and agronomic conditions: Meta-analytic study", Elsevier, 2021 More
  • Ahmed Ibrahim Elsayed Abdo, "Agronomic Efficiency Losses by Ammonia Emission from Staple Crops in China as Response to Various Mitigation Strategies: A Meta-Analysis Study", Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute, 2021 More
  • Ahmed Ibrahim Elsayed Abdo, "combination effect of compost, gypsum and phosphatic fertilifers on soil and peanut properties", كلية الزراعة جامعة الزقازيق, 2015 More
  • Ahmed Ibrahim Elsayed Abdo, "Does the application of silicon and Moringa seed extract reduce heavy metals toxicity in potato tubers treated with phosphate fertilizers?", Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2018, 2018 More
  • Ahmed Ibrahim Elsayed Abdo, "Potato tubers contamination with nitrate under the influence of nitrogen fertilizers and spray with molybdenum and salicylic acid", Springer, 2017 More

Department Related Publications

  • Mohammed Mahmoud Nabil, "ОСОБЕННОСТИ ИЗМЕНЕНИЯ АЛЛЮВИАЛЬНЫХ ПОЧВ ВОСТОЧНОЙ ЧАСТИ ДЕЛЬТЫ НИЛА ПРИ АНТРОПОГЕННЫХ ВОЗДЕЙСТВИЯХ", Российского университета дружбы народов, 2013 More
  • Mohammed Mahmoud Nabil, "Quantitative Assessment of Desertification in Bahariya Oasis Environment, Western Desert, Egypt.", .Zagazig uni, 2018 More
  • Mohammed Mahmoud Nabil, "Effect of Mineral Fertilizers and Biofertilization on some Soil Properties and Faba Bean Productivity under Saline Soil Conditions.", Mansoura University, 2019 More
  • Mohammed Mahmoud Nabil, "Estimation of surface runoff using NRCS curve number in some areas in northwest coast, Egypt.", E3S Web of Conferences,, 2020 More
  • Mohammed Mahmoud Nabil, "Soil Water Erosion Vulnerability and Suitability under Different Irrigation Systems Using Parametric Approach and GIS, Ismailia, Egypt.", Sustainability ., 2021 More
Tweet