The research aimed studying economic analysis of the impact price changes on food expenditure patterns for rural families, also identify the reasons for increase prices of food commodities, in addition to comparing food expenditure pattern of commodities during study periods in 2022 and 2023 for study sample, and studying relationship between expenditure food commodities According quantitative and expenditure elasticities and difference between elasticities during two study periods, and changes in these elasticities as a result of increase prices. The research relied on achieving objectives on case study approach and comparative approach, research was conducted in two different periods in the countryside of Sharkia Governorate, in order to determine the extent of variation in pattern of food consumption according to difference in time period, which reflects impact of price changes, The results of study showed a decrease in the per capita quantities consumed for all study commodities and an increase in expenditure on most of them as a result of the increase in the prices of food commodities in 2023 compared to 2022 for study sample. Also the results of study showed that the quantitative elasticity of most commodities was less than the correct one, which indicates that these commodities are considered necessary commodities for the consumer in the study sample, where the quantitative elasticity reached about 0.314 for wheat, 0.270 for corn, 0.196 for rice, 0.236 for pasta, 0.316 beans, 0.229 for sugar for 2022, and with the rise in prices, the elasticity figures for those commodities mentioned in 2023 decreased to become more necessary, as a result of decrease in real income per capita resulting from High prices,. It was also found that cheese, eggs and oil are considered semi-luxury commodities for study sample, as their quantitative elasticity coefficient in 2022 was 0.992, 0.679, and 0.647 for commodities, respectively, and those transactions increased in 2023,Where eggs turned from semi-luxury commodities to a luxury commodity, the value of the quantitative elasticity coefficient for eggs in 2023 was 0.1.107, and it was found that meat, poultry and fish are considered luxury commodities, as quantitative elasticity coefficient reached 2.33, 1.66, and 1.38 for the three commodities, respectively, in 2022, and increased to 2.90, 1.88, and 1.52 in 2023. The qualitative elasticity of most commodities approached zero to indicate that the consumer doesn't care about quality of goods in light of the lack of access to the required quantity.