Abstract: Background: Clinical manifestations of idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus [iNPH] involve dementia, urinary incontinence and gait disturbance. Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus treatment for short- and long-term improvement and maintenance of gait and also cognitive function is essential for reducing the caregiving burden on families and society. Methods: this study was done on 41participants with a diagnosis of iNPH, subjected to detailed medical and neurological history taking and neuropsychological assessment for cognitive functions before and after ventriculoperitoneal shunt operation. Results: After CSF (cerebro-spinal fluid) shunting, around 80.5% of cases with idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus demonstrated enhanced and sustained cognitive function for at least 1 year post-operatively and our study revealed that younger age and less severe idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus led to a good long-term prognosis of cognitive function. Conclusions: Individuals with idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus experienced improved cognitive function 3-12 months after CSF shunt operation, with greater improvement seen in younger patients with milder illness. Therefore, early identification and appropriate treatment are crucial for long-term recovery and preservation of cognitive function in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus. Early diagnosis of iNPH followed by CSF Shunt treatment can improve cognitive functions. Long-term evaluations of cognitive functions after V-P (ventriculo peritoneal) shunt operation are recommended.