The current research aims to study the effect of anger management as a mediating variable in the relationship between emotion regulation and self-esteem in high school students, and to study the effect of anger management as a moderating variable on the relationship between emotion regulation and self-esteem among high school students. It also aims to verify the existence of differences in each of (anger management- emotion regulation- self-esteem) due to the gender variable (males- females), specialization (scientific - literary), and place of residence (rural- urban). It also aims to verify the effect of the specialization variable (scientific- literary) as a moderating variable on the relationship between anger management and self-esteem. To achieve these goals, the anger management scale, the emotion regulation questionnaire, and the self-esteem scale (translation and Arabization by the researchers) were applied to a sample of (227) high school students (178 females- 49 males), selected randomly. Results indicated that there was a statistically significant effect of the anger management variable as a mediator in the relationship between emotion regulation and self-esteem, and there was an effect of anger management as a moderating variable on the relationship between emotion regulation and self-esteem. Results also indicated that there were a statistically significant differences according to specialization (Scientific - Literary) in each of (anger management- emotion regulation- self-esteem) in favor of the scientific specialization, and there were no statistically significant differences due to gender and place of residence in all research variables. Results also showed the presence of an effect of specialization (scientific- literary) as a moderating variable on the relationship between anger management and self-esteem. Keywords: Anger Management- Emotion Regulation- Self-Esteem -High School Students.