Tell Hassan Daoud site is located in Ismailia Governorate and dates back to the pre-dynastic period. Many microscopic examinations were used in the research such as stereoscopic microscope, polarizing microscope, scanning electron microscope equipped with an X-ray energy dispersive unit (EDX), X-ray diffraction, and thermal analysis. The various examinations and analyses proved temper characteristics in archaeological pottery, which consist of burnt straw, sand, limestone powder «calcite», and pottery powder «grog». The type of clay used in shaping pots is Nile clay. The surface treatment is red wash "hematite". The burning atmosphere is a mixture of a oxidizing and reducing. The texture of the pottery in the archaeological samples is coarse, the firing temperature of the first sample is 716°C, the second is about 676°C, and the third is about 710°C. The research revealed damage to the pre-dynastic pottery at the archaeological site. The pottery exhibits superficial deformation caused by sandy clay soil sediments, surface peeling, micro cracks, macro cracks, fractures, separation of grains, granulation, poor durability, gaps, a black core, and the presence of crystalline salts such as chlorides, sulfates, carbonates, and phosphates due to burial in agricultural soil.. Based on the results of examinations and analyses, treatment interventions are required for the restoration, maintenance, and display of the pottery