Introduction: Dementia is one of the most crucial public health issues due to its increased prevalence among the elderly population worldwide. It is a disorder caused by a variety of progressive illnesses that affect perception, memory, behavior and the ability to perform daily activities. The aim of this study is to estimate the prevalence of Dementia and to recognize its predictors in Sharkia Governorate, Egypt. Method: The study was conducted between December 2018 and June 2019. During this period, 1820 individuals were interviewed at one of five sectors in Zagazig city at Sharkia governorate by the research team who visited the field 2–4 days per week. The study was conducted in two phases: (1) screening, (2) clinical diagnosis. Results: 1820 elderly individuals were included in the study, 108 of them were dementia symptomatic based on the screening test. Most of them were females, more than 80 years old. 43.5% of neurodegenerative dementia were of moderate degree. It was found that the most significant predictors of neurodegenerative dementia were 1) age ≥ 80 years (O.R=18.7, p<0.05), 2) lonely aging: being single or widow or divorced (O.R=1.98, p<0.05), 3) illiteracy (O.R=6.7, p<0.05), 4) low social class (O.R=8.8,p<0.05), 5) smoking (O.R=3.03, p<0.05), 6) irregular mental and social activities (O.R=2.2,1.3 respectively, p<0.05), 7) hypertension and diabetes (O.R=4.7, p<0.05), 8) Hyperlipidemia (O.R=2.5, p<0.05), 9) Occupations or Environmental exposures (O.R=10.3, p<0.05), 10) Living alone (O.R=2.07, p<0.05) and 11) Family history of dementia (O.R=7.7, p<0.05).