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Avian Coronavirus in Egypt: Epidemiological Acuities and Pathogenicity in Commercial Broiler Chickens
Faculty
Veterinary Medicine
Year:
2021
Type of Publication:
ZU Hosted
Pages:
Authors:
Reham Mohamed Mohamed ElBakry
Staff Zu Site
Abstract In Staff Site
Journal:
Slovenian Veterinary Research University Ljubljana Press, Veterinary Faculty, Slovenia
Volume:
Keywords :
Avian Coronavirus , Egypt: Epidemiological Acuities , Pathogenicity
Abstract:
Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), a gamma coronavirus, is responsible for a highly contagious disease in chickens resulting in substantial economic losses to the poultry industry around the world. The emergence of new types of IBVs is considered one of the major concerns regarding to IB. A preliminary diagnosis of IB was made based on the flock history and the characteristic pathologic findings. In the cur-rent study, we investigated the outbreaks of respiratory signs and diarrhea in broiler chickens (n=77) be-tween 2014 and 2018. Upon necropsy, the affected chickens showed tracheal and kidney lesions, suggestive of IBV. The IBV was detected in 33 farms using real-time reverse transcription-PCR, targeting the nucleocapsid gene. Investigation of IBV among vaccinated chickens would considerably ameliorate the present immunization programs and support the development of more effective vaccines. The IBV was detected in vaccinated birds (45.8%). The virus was isolated in fertile chicken eggs, which revealed embryonic mortality (20-40%) within 5-7 days after the 3rd passage, small embryos or dwarfing up to 30.2% versus non-inoculated ones. Virus pathogenicity was determined experimentally in 7-day-old broiler chickens inoculated oculonasally with 104 median embryo infective dose. The infected birds experienced severe respiratory signs, diarrhea and tracheal and renal lesions. The virus displayed a wide range of tissue tropism, particularly in the trachea, lungs and kidneys, and was shed via the respiratory tract and cloaca. The results emphasized the significance of conducting a comprehensive surveillance of IBV infections among chicken flocks in Egypt and provide significant insights into the virulence properties of IBV. Further studies of nucleotide sequence analysis of circulating IBV strains and evaluation of vaccine efficacy are needed.
Author Related Publications
Reham Mohamed Mohamed ElBakry, "Role of Emergency Vaccination as a Trial to Control DEV Infection in Muscovy Ducklings", Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 2020
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Reham Mohamed Mohamed ElBakry, "Avian paramyxovirus type 1 in Egypt: Epidemiolog, Evolutionary, Perspective, and Vaccine Approach", Frontiers, 2021
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Reham Mohamed Mohamed ElBakry, "First detection of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus H5N1 in common kestrel falcon (Falco tinnunculus) in Egypt", Fuculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, 2016
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Reham Mohamed Mohamed ElBakry, "Infectivity Of H5N1 Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Viruses Isolated From Backyard Chickens In Sharkia, Egypt", zagazig veterinary medicine, 2013
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Reham Mohamed Mohamed ElBakry, "Natural infection with highly pathogenic avian influenza virus H5N1 in domestic pigeons (Columba livia) in Egypt", Taylor & Francis, 2014
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Department Related Publications
Hala Mohamed Nabil Tolba, "Risk factors associated with Chlamydia psittaci infections in psittacine birds and bird handlers", Wiley, 2018
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Hala Mohamed Nabil Tolba, "Molecular identification of avian influenza virus subtypes H5N1 and H9N2 in birds from farms and live bird markets and in respiratory patients", Peer journal, 2018
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Hala Mohamed Nabil Tolba, "Seroprevalence and risk factors associated with Toxoplasma gondii infection in domestic rabbits and humans", ELSEVIER, 2017
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Hala Mohamed Nabil Tolba, "Molecular Diagnosis of Persistently Very Virulent Infectious Bursal Disease Virus at Sharkia Governorate, Egypt", Links Research, 2019
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Hala Mohamed Nabil Tolba, "EFFECT OF THE MEDICINAL PLANT (AZADIRACHTA INDICA) ON Chlamydophila psittaci INFECTION IN BROILER CHICKENS", UNIV LJUBLJANA, VETERINARY FACULTY, GERBICEVA 60, LJUBLJANA, SLOVENIA, 1000, 2018
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