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journal of plant pathology
Springer
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| Abstract: |
Root-knot nematodes (RKN), Meloidogyne species, cause extensive damage to the grapevine cultivars. Using RKN-resistant rootstocks provides a sustainable approach to maintaining grapevine production and quality. Under stress factors, i.e., temperature, meager soil structure, and water deficiency, nematode-resistant rootstocks such as Freedom cultivar infected with RKN and wine quality are lost. In this study, we surveyed the Meloidogyne incognita (Mi) population in three vineyards cultivars, Flame, Superior, and Prime (Upper Egypt), to evaluate the influence of composted animal manures (CAMs), chicken manure (CM), cow manure (Cow M) and sheep manure (SM) alone or combined with rhizobacteria on suppression Mi and promoting free-living nematodes (FLNs) and predaceous nematodes (PNs) community besides improving the plant growth parameters and total fruit weight/ seedless. M. incognita and ten genera belonging to eight families were identified from the rhizosphere of grapevine cultivars. Prime cultivar cultivated in poor sandy loam soils amended with CAMs exhibited the best response to abundance in numbers of FLNs and PNs, followed by Superior and Flame. On the other hand, CM soil showed the best performance in maximizing FLNs and PNs numbers in grapevine under field conditions .Oxamyl showed high suppression of Mi for two months; however, CM achieved a significant reduction in population density of phytonematodes for five months, besides improvement of soil structure and flourishing soil biota for a long time. Leaf numbers/vine and total fruit weight (16.15, 15.40, and 14.20 in Flame, Superior, and Prime seedless) were evaluated compared to untreated vines. The treatment of rhizobacteria +CM achieved sustainable numbers of FLNs and PNs for long times compared to oxamyl, besides reduced numbers of M.incognita/250g soil. We conclude that amending of poor sandy soils in temperate areas with CM or CAMs+ novel rhizobacteria (PGPB) is a sustainable treatment for reducing nematode, increasing grapevine plant parameters, and raising fruit yield and quality cultivated.
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