Background: Sex estimation is one of the first steps of biological or forensic anthropological analysis. The main reason for this is the fact that other vital information, such as age and stature, cannot be adequately obtained without an initial sex estimation. The determination of sex is more accurate when the complete skeleton is available, but it is nearly impossible to obtain a complete skeleton, especially in forensic cases such as mass disasters and crimes. Among all human bones, the pelvis, postcranial joints’ size, and skull have the best discriminatory indicators for the estimation of sex. In the absence of these bones, the task of the forensic practitioners becomes quite difficult, especially for the cases in which only fragmented or incomplete bones are available. Therefore, postcranial bones other than the pelvis have been studied by various investigators for determining sex in recent years. Phenotypic differences between females and males of the same species are known as sexual dimorphism. The adult males and females of a human species may be distinguished by size, shape, and the presence or absence of skeletal markers. As a universal rule, in every population, males are heavier, larger, more robust and with more prominent muscle attachments than females.