tBackground: In limited resource settings, compliance to proper personal protective equipment (PPE) useis challenging. This study aims to characterize the pattern of PPE use among healthcare workers (HCWs)during the first wave of coronavirus diseases-2019 (COVID-19) in Egypt and to determine the factorsassociated with compliance to the proper use of PPE.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among Egyptian HCWs using an online self-administeredquestionnaire. Participants were classified as “Compliant” or “Non-compliant” according to their score.Results: A total of 404 responses were analyzed, with a mean age of 36.6 ± 8.4 years, and 56.4% werefemales. Non-compliant HCWs represented 53.2% of participants. The majority reported shortage in N95respirators (91.3%) and practiced extended PPE use (88.1%). Better compliance to proper PPE use wasreported: females (51.3%, p = 0.05), Physicians (54.2 %, p = 0.005), medical specialities (34.7 %, p < 0.001),<10 years’ work experience (42.9%, p = 0.05) and working > eight hours/day (71.3%, p < 0.001). Thesignificant predictors for compliance were; receiving prior training on the proper use of PPE (OR: 4.59,CI: 2.22–9.47, p ≤ 0.001), exposure to COVID-19 patients (OR: 2.75, CI: 1.19–6.35, p = 0.02) and performingprocedures that pose HCWs at a high risk of exposure to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus2 (OR: 2.21, CI: 1.04–4.71, p = 0.04). The high percentage of non-compliant HCWs turns on a warningsignal. Increase the availability of PPE, prioritize their use, provide more focus on training of HCWs andmonitor their compliance is highly recommended.