The area around Gabal Umm Battat is covered by two main lithologically different units, these are: ophiolitic melange and intrusive rocks (grey- and biotite granites, and younger gabbros). The ophiolitic melange has undergone a structural history involving two episodes of deformation. The D1 has led to the formation of three major overturned folds, with ENE-WSW trending axial traces and WSW-plunged axes. Folds formed during the D2 deformational phase are more open with NNW-SSE trending axial traces and SSE plunged axes. The Umm Battat gabbroic complex exhibits layered structure, where its basal part is formed of troctolite, olivine gabbro, followed upward by normal gabbro, hornblende gabbro and leucogabbro. The variation in the major and trace element contents, as well as the variable fO2 and fH2O condition in this intrusion reflect the fractionation and crystal-settling of the olivine and pyroxene and the accumulation of hornblende and plagioclase-rich residual melt in the upper parts of the intrusion. The Umm Battat younger gabbros were formed as successive pulses of the upwelling upper mantle into crust under extensional rifting regime during late Cordilleran calc-alkaline magmatism.