Egyptian agricultural lands have suffered from the problem of land fragmentation since the 1952 revolution and the encroachments after the January 25 revolution, and the main problem in Egyptian agriculture is still the insufficient production for consumption of strategic crops, including rice, which faced a new challenge represented in the restriction of water resources after the construction of the Renaissance Dam, The study attempts to shed light on the most important results of the problem of land erosion facing the rice crop at the level of Egypt in general and at the level of Sharkia Governorate in particular, representing the ancient lands. The centers of Derb Negm and Faqous were chosen and a questionnaire was made of 152 items, to determine the nature of production The crop during the agricultural season 218/2019, and the study attempted to achieve some of the objectives represented in the development of the productivity of the rice crop during the period (2008-2018), at the national level, and studying the items of total costs and total revenue from the rice crop with the study sample for the different tenure categories (less than an acre). ), (1-3 acres) and (greater than 3 acres), as well as studying rice efficiency indicators in the same categories and comparing them with each other, with an estimate of the rice yield function and the most important factors affecting it n production inputs, highlighting the most important problems affecting the productivity of the rice crop in the study sample, such as the quantity of the main production, total revenue, total costs and net return.