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Exposure to Difenoconazole, Diclofop - Methyl Alone and Combination Alters Oxidative Stress and Biochemical Parameters in Albino Rats.
Faculty
Agriculture
Year:
2014
Type of Publication:
ZU Hosted
Pages:
3637-3646
Authors:
Ahmed Abdallah Ghareeb
Staff Zu Site
Abstract In Staff Site
Journal:
International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine www.ijcem.com
Volume:
7
Keywords :
Exposure , Difenoconazole, Diclofop , Methyl Alone , Combination
Abstract:
The herbicides diclofop-methyl and the fungicide difenoconazole are widely used in agriculture and may lead to serious toxicity risks. However, limited studies have been done to evaluate differences in the metabolic effects of these herbicides. Difenoconazole (10 mg/kg) and Diclofop-methyl (1 mg/kg) were orally administrated individually (Groups 1 and 2 respectively) as well as combined (G3) to rats for 28 days. In all treated groups, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and urea were significantly higher than the control group. Plasma creatinine was also significantly higher in groups G1 and G2 than control. Significant inhibition in gamma glutamyltransferase (γGT) was observed in all treated groups, in addition to significant inhibition of plasma acetylcholinesterase enzyme (AChE) in G3 (p < 0.01). There was no effect in aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and albumin. Total plasma triiodothy- ronine (T3) hormone was significantly higher in groups G2 and G3 (p < 0.01), but significantly lower in G1 group as compared to control. Thyroxin (T4) was significantly lower in all treated groups than control. Cholesterol level was significantly lower in G3 than control, and a total protein (TP) was significantly higher in all treated groups than control. No differences were observed in glucose levels. Malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), an oxidative stress biomarker, was significantly increased in all treated groups comparing to control. Sulphur containing protein (SH-protein) was significantly lower in G1 than control. No significant changes were observed for GST in all treatments. The significant differences in measured biomarkers after application of diclofop-methyl, difenoconazole individually and combined indicate that the investigated pesticides may have potentially harmful effects on humans and the surrounding environment. We suggest that larger studies be conducted to better understand the toxicity mechanisms of these pesticides.
Author Related Publications
Ahmed Abdallah Ghareeb, "Novel Acaricidal Activity of Vitex castus and Zingiber officinale Extracts against 2 the Camel Tick, Hyalomma dromedarii", www.ijvets.com; editor@ijvets.com, 2022
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Ahmed Abdallah Ghareeb, "Risk Assessment Induced by Knapsack or Conventional Motor Sprayer on Pesticides Applicators and Farm Workers in Cotton Season.", Elsevier B.V., 2010
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Ahmed Abdallah Ghareeb, "Antioxidant Role of Garlic on Malathion Induced Oxidative Stress in Rats.", Forensic Medicine and Toxicology Dept., Medicine Fac., Cairo Univ. Egypt, 2008
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Ahmed Abdallah Ghareeb, "Toxicity of Imidacloprid and Cyanophos Insecticides in Pregnant White Albino Rats during Organogenesis Period.", Agric. Fac., Zagazig Univ., Egypt, 2005
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