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Microbial Cell Factories
Springer Nature
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Abstract: |
The biosynthetic potency of Taxol by fungi raises their prospective to be a platform for commercial production
of Taxol, nevertheless, the attenuation of its productivity with the fungal storage, is the challenge. Thus, screening
for a novel fungal isolate inhabiting ethnopharmacological plants, with a plausible metabolic stability for Taxol production
could be one of the most affordable approaches. Aspergillus niger OR414905.1, an endophyte of Encephalartos
whitelockii, had the highest Taxol productivity (173.9 μg/L). The chemical identity of the purified Taxol was confirmed
by HPLC, FTIR, and LC–MS/MS analyses, exhibiting the same molecular mass (854.5 m/z) and molecular fragmentation
pattern of the authentic Taxol. The purified Taxol exhibited a potent antiproliferative activity against HepG-2, MCF-7
and Caco-2, with IC50
values 0.011, 0.016, and 0.067 μM, respectively, in addition to a significant activity against A.
flavus, as a model of human fungal pathogen. The purified Taxol displayed a significant effect against the cellular
migration of HepG-2 and MCF-7 cells, by ~ 52–59% after 72 h, compared to the control, confirming its interference
with the cellular matrix formation. Furthermore, the purified Taxol exhibited a significant ability to prompt apoptosis
in MCF-7 cells, by about 11-fold compared to control cells, suppressing their division at G2/M phase. Taxol productivity
by A. niger has been optimized by the response surface methodology with Plackett–Burman Design and Central
Composite Design, resulting in a remarkable ~ 1.6-fold increase (279.8 μg/L), over the control. The biological halflife
time of Taxol productivity by A. niger was ~ 6 months of preservation at 4 ℃, however, the Taxol yield by A. niger
was partially restored in response to ethyl acetate extracts of E. whitelockii, ensuring the presence of plant-derived
signals that triggers the cryptic Taxol encoding genes.
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