Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are a prevalent bacterial infection in humans, accounting for about 40% of all hospital-acquired infections [1, 2]. The occurrence of UTIs has increased by 60% in the last three decades between 1990 and 2019, highlighting the significant public health issue they pose [3]. The UTIs symptoms commonly include bacteriuria along with suprapubic discomfort, urgency, urinary frequency, and dysuria [4]. UTIs are classified into two types: uncomplicated UTIs, also known as cystitis, affect only the bladder and can be resolved with simple antibiotic treatments. While the disseminated infections to the upper urinary tract are referred as complicated UTIs, that require more aggressive antibiotic treatments for longer periods. Furthermore, complicated UTIs are associated with higher rates of sepsis, recurrent infection, treatment failure, and significant morbidity and mortality [4, 5, 6, 7]. Uncomplicated UTIs affect 40–60% of females, at least once in their lifetime, on the other hand, all UTIs in males are usually considered complicated [8, 9, 10]. Recurrent UTIs are characterized by the occurrence of at least two acute UTI episodes within a span of 10 months or three episodes within a 12-month period, with a higher incidence in females than males [11, 12]. The UTIs can be self-infected, community-acquired, or nosocomial. Community-acquired infections typically result from low sanitary precautions, poor personal hygiene, or multiple sexual partners [7, 11]. The risk of self-infections often occurs in immunocompromised individuals as commensal inhabitants from the periurethral, vaginal, or rectal flora usually cause it [13, 14].