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Annals of Anatomy
Elsevier GmbH
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Abstract: |
Background: Functional hematopoiesis is governed by the bone marrow (BM) niche, which is compromised
by radiotherapy, leading to radiation induced BM failure. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the
radiation induced pathological remodeling of the niche and the efficacy of human umbilical cord bloodderived mesenchymal stem cells (hUCB-MSCs) in restoring hematopoiesis via improvement of the niche.
Methods: Thirty male Wistar rats were equally assigned to three groups: control (CON), irradiated (IR), and
IR+hUCB‐MSCs. Biochemical, histopathological and immunohistochemical analyses were performed to
detect collagen type III and IV, Aquaporin 1+ sinusoidal endothelial cells and immature hematopoietic cells,
CD11c+ dendritic cells, Iba1+ macrophages, CD9+ megakaryocytes, Sca-1+, cKit+, CD133 and N-cadherin+
hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells, CD20+, Gr1+ mature hematopoietic cells, in addition to ki67+
proliferation, Bcl-2+ anti-apoptotic, caspase-3+ apoptotic, TNF-α+ inflammatory cells. Histoplanimetry data
were statistically analyzed using the one-way analysis of variance followed by the post hoc Duncan’s test.
Moreover, Pearson’s correlation was used to assess the correlation between various parameters.
Results: In comparison to the IR group, the IR+hUCB-MSCs group showed restored cell populations and
extracellular collagen components of the BM niche with significant increase in hematopoietic stem, progenitor, mature and proliferating cells, and a considerable decrease in apoptotic and inflammatory cells.
Furthermore, highly significant correlations between BM niche and blood biochemical, histopathological,
and immunohistochemical parameters were observed.
Conclusion: hUCB-MSCs restored functional hematopoiesis through amelioration of the BM niche components via reduction of oxidative stress, DNA damage, inflammation, and apoptosis with upregulation of
cellular proliferation.
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